btrfs-filesystem(8)
===================

NAME
----
btrfs-filesystem - control btrfs filesystem

SYNOPSIS
--------
'btrfs filesystem' <subcommand> <args>

DESCRIPTION
-----------
'btrfs filesystem' is used to do the filesystem level control jobs, including
all the regular filesystem operations like setting/getting label,
resizing, defragment.

SUBCOMMAND
----------
'df' [-b] <path> [<path>...]::
Show space usage information for a mount point.
+
If '-b' is given, then byte is used as unit. Default unit will be
human-readable unit such as KiB/MiB/GiB.
+
The command 'btrfs filesystem df' is used to query how many space on the 
disk(s) are used and an estimation of the free
space of the filesystem.
The output of the command 'btrfs filesystem df' shows:

`Disk size`::::
the total size of the disks which compose the filesystem.

`Disk allocated`::::
the size of the area of the disks used by the chunks.

`Disk unallocated`::::
the size of the area of the disks which is free (i.e.
the differences of the values above).

`Used`::::
the portion of the logical space used by the file and metadata.

`Free (estimated)`::::
the estimated free space available: i.e. how many space can be used
by the user. The evaluation cannot be rigorous because it depends by the
allocation policy (DUP, Single, RAID1...) of the metadata and data chunks. +
If every chunk is stored as "Single" the sum of the free (estimated) space
and the used space  is equal to the disk size.
Otherwise if all the chunk are mirrored (raid1 or raid10) or duplicated
the sum of the free (estimated) space and the used space is
half of the disk size. Normally the free (estimated) is between
these two limits.

`Data to disk ratio`::::
the ratio betwen the logical size (i.e. the space available by
the chunks) and the disk allocated (by the chunks). Normally it is 
lower than 100% because the metadata is duplicated for security reasons.
If all the data and metadata are duplicated (or have a profile like RAID1)
the Data to disk ratio could be 50%.

'show' [--mounted|--all-devices|<path>|<uuid>|<device>|<label>]::
Show the btrfs filesystem with some additional info.
+
If no option nor <path>|<uuid>|<device>|<label> is passed, btrfs shows
information of all the btrfs filesystem both mounted and unmounted.
If '--mounted' is passed, it would probe btrfs kernel to list mounted btrfs
filesystem(s);
If '--all-devices' is passed, all the devices under /dev are scanned;
otherwise the devices list is extracted from the /proc/partitions file.

'sync' <path>::
Force a sync for the filesystem identified by <path>.

'defragment' [options] <file>|<dir> [<file>|<dir>...]::
Defragment file data and/or directory metadata *online*.
+
If '-r' is passed, files in dir will be defragmented recursively.
The start position and the number of bytes to defragment can be specified by
start and len using '-s' and '-l' options below.
Any extent bigger than threshold given by '-t' option, will be considered
already defragged.
Use 0 to take the kernel default, and use 1 to
say every single extent must be rewritten.
You can also turn on compression in defragment operations.
+
`Options`
+
-v::::
be verbose
-c::::
compress file contents while defragmenting
-r::::
defragment files recursively
-f::::
flush filesystem after defragmenting
-s <start>::::
defragment only from byte <start> onward
-l <len>::::
defragment only up to <len> bytes
-t <size>::::
defragment only files at least <size> bytes big
+
For <start>, <len>, <size> it is possible to append a suffix
like 'k' for 1 KBytes, 'm' for 1 MBytes...
+
WARNING: defragmenting with kernels up to 2.6.37 will unlink COW-ed copies of data,
don't use it if you use snapshots, have de-duplicated your data or made
copies with `cp --reflink`.

// Some wording are extracted by the resize2fs man page
'resize' [<devid>:][+/-]<size>[gkm]|[<devid>:]max <path>::
Resize a filesystem identified by <path> for the underlying device
devid *online*. +
The devid can be found with 'btrfs filesystem show' and
defaults to 1 if not specified.
The <size> parameter specifies the new size of the filesystem.
If the prefix + or - is present the size is increased or decreased
by the quantity <size>.
If no units are specified, the unit of the <size> parameter defaults to
bytes. Optionally, the size parameter may be suffixed by one of the following
units designators: \'K\', \'M', or \'G', kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes,
respectively.
+
If \'max' is passed, the filesystem will occupy all available space on the
device devid.
+
The resize command does not manipulate the size of underlying
partition.  If you wish to enlarge/reduce a filesystem, you must make sure you
can expand the partition before enlarging the filesystem and shrink the
partition after reducing the size of the filesystem.  This can done using
`fdisk`(8) or `parted`(8) to delete the existing partition and recreate
it with the new desired size.  When recreating the partition make sure to use
the same starting disk cylinder as before.

'label' [<dev>|<mountpoint>] [<newlabel>]::
Show or update the label of a filesystem.
+
[<device>|<mountpoint>] is used to identify the filesystem. 
If a newlabel optional argument is passed, the label is changed.
NOTE: the maximum allowable length shall be less than 256 chars

'disk-usage' [-tb] path [path...]::
Show in which disk the chunks are allocated. +
If '-b' is given,  set byte as unit;
If '-t' is given, show data in tabular format.

EXIT STATUS
-----------
'btrfs filesystem' returns a zero exist status if it succeeds. Non zero is
returned in case of failure.

AVAILABILITY
------------
'btrfs' is part of btrfs-progs. Btrfs filesystem is currently under heavy
development,
and not suitable for any uses other than benchmarking and review.
Please refer to the btrfs wiki http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org for
further details.

SEE ALSO
--------
`mkfs.btrfs`(8),