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+
+<refentry id="vbapg">
+<indexterm id="IndexVbapg"><primary>vbapg</primary></indexterm>
+ <refentryinfo><title>Signal Modifiers:Panning and Spatialization</title></refentryinfo>
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>vbapg</refentrytitle>
+ </refmeta>
+
+ <refnamediv>
+ <refname>vbapg</refname>
+ <refpurpose>
+ Calculates the gains for a sound location between multiple channels.
+ </refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Description</title>
+ <para>
+ Calculates the gains for a sound location for up to 64.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Syntax</title>
+ <synopsis>k1[, k2...] <command>vbapg</command> kazim [,kelev] [, kspread] [, ilayout]</synopsis>
+ <synopsis>karray[] <command>vbapg</command> kazim [,kelev] [, kspread] [, ilayout]</synopsis>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Initialization</title>
+ <para>
+ <emphasis>ilayout</emphasis> -- index of the speaker layout in
+ the range 0-99, corresponding to a call to
+ <emphasis>vbaplsinit</emphasis>. The default value is 0.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Performance</title>
+ <para>
+ <emphasis>kazim</emphasis> -- azimuth angle of the virtual source
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <emphasis>kelev</emphasis> (optional) -- elevation angle of the virtual source
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <emphasis>kspread</emphasis> (optional) -- spreading of the
+ virtual source (range 0 - 100). If value is zero, conventional
+ amplitude panning is used. When <emphasis>kspread</emphasis> is
+ increased, the number of loudspeakers used in panning
+ increases. If value is 100, the sound is applied to all
+ loudspeakers.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ <emphasis>vbapg</emphasis> calculates the gains that an input
+ signal would have between multiple speakers
+ according to the controls <emphasis>kazim</emphasis> and
+ <emphasis>kelev</emphasis>, and the configured loudspeaker
+ placement <emphasis>ilayout</emphasis>. If <emphasis>idim</emphasis> = 2,
+ <emphasis>kelev</emphasis> is set to zero. The distribution is
+ performed using Vector Base Amplitude Panning (VBAP - See
+ reference). VBAP distributes the signal using loudspeaker data
+ configured with <emphasis>vbaplsinit</emphasis>. The signal is
+ applied to, at most, two loudspeakers in 2-D loudspeaker
+ configurations, and three loudspeakers in 3-D loudspeaker
+ configurations. If the virtual source is panned outside the
+ region spanned by loudspeakers, the nearest loudspeakers are
+ used in panning.
+ </para>
+ <warning>
+ <para>Please note that all <emphasis>vbap</emphasis> panning opcodes require the <emphasis>vbap</emphasis> system to be initialized using <link linkend="vbaplsinit"><citetitle>vbaplsinit</citetitle></link>.</para>
+ </warning>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Examples</title>
+ <para>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Reference</title>
+ <para>
+ Ville Pulkki: <quote>Virtual Sound Source Positioning Using Vector Base Amplitude Panning</quote> <emphasis>Journal of the Audio Engineering Society</emphasis>, 1997 June, Vol. 45/6, p. 456.
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Examples</title>
+ <para>
+ Here is an example of the vbapg opcode. It uses the file <ulink url="examples/vbapg.csd"><citetitle>vbapg.csd</citetitle></ulink>.
+ <example>
+ <title>Example of the vbapg opcode.</title>
+ <para>See the sections <link linkend="UsingRealTime"><citetitle>Real-time Audio</citetitle></link> and <link linkend="CommandFlags"><citetitle>Command Line Flags</citetitle></link> for more information on using command line flags.</para>
+ <xi:include href="examples-xml/vbapg.csd.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
+ </example>
+ Its output should include lines like these:
+ <screen>
+spread of source = 0
+spread of source = 8
+spread of source = 17
+spread of source = 25
+spread of source = 33
+spread of source = 42
+spread of source = 50
+spread of source = 58
+spread of source = 67
+spread of source = 75
+spread of source = 83
+spread of source = 92
+spread of source = 100
+ </screen>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>See Also</title>
+ <para>
+ <link linkend="vbap"><citetitle>vbap</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbapmove"><citetitle>vbapmove</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap4"><citetitle>vbap4</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap4move"><citetitle>vbap4move</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap8"><citetitle>vbap8</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap8move"><citetitle>vbap8move</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap16"><citetitle>vbap16</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbap16move"><citetitle>vbap16move</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbaplsinit"><citetitle>vbaplsinit</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbapz"><citetitle>vbapz</citetitle></link>,
+ <link linkend="vbapzmove"><citetitle>vbapzmove</citetitle></link>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Credits</title>
+ <para>
+ <simplelist>
+ <member>Author: Ville Pulkki</member>
+ <member>Sibelius Academy Computer Music Studio</member>
+ <member>Laboratory of Acoustics and Audio Signal Processing</member>
+ <member>Helsinki University of Technology</member>
+ <member>Helsinki, Finland</member>
+ <member>May 2000</member>
+ <member>Author: &namejohn;</member>
+ <member>July 2012, Sept 2013</member>
+ </simplelist>
+ </para>
+
+ <para>New in Csound Version 5.17.13. </para>
+ <para>Array version new in Csound Version 6.01. </para>
+ </refsect1>
+</refentry>