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<refentry id="linen">
<indexterm id="IndexLinen"><primary>linen</primary></indexterm>
<refentryinfo><title>Signal Generators:Envelope Generators</title></refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>linen</refentrytitle>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>linen</refname>
<refpurpose>
Applies a straight line rise and decay pattern to an input amp signal.
</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>
<emphasis>linen</emphasis> -- apply a straight line rise and decay pattern to an input amp signal.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Syntax</title>
<synopsis>ares <command>linen</command> xamp, irise, idur, idec</synopsis>
<synopsis>kres <command>linen</command> kamp, irise, idur, idec</synopsis>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Initialization</title>
<para>
<emphasis>irise</emphasis> -- rise time in seconds. A zero or negative value signifies no rise modification.
</para>
<para>
<emphasis>idur</emphasis> -- overall duration in seconds. A zero or negative value will cause initialization to be skipped.
</para>
<para>
<emphasis>idec</emphasis> -- decay time in seconds. Zero means no decay. An <emphasis>idec</emphasis> > <emphasis>idur</emphasis> will cause a truncated decay.
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Performance</title>
<para>
<emphasis>kamp, xamp</emphasis> -- input amplitude signal.
</para>
<para>
Rise modifications are applied for the first <emphasis>irise</emphasis> seconds, and decay from time <emphasis>idur - idec</emphasis>. If these periods are separated in time there will be a steady state during which <emphasis>amp</emphasis> will be unmodified. If <emphasis>linen</emphasis> rise and decay periods overlap then both modifications will be in effect for that time. If the overall duration <emphasis>idur</emphasis> is exceeded in performance, the final decay will continue on in the same direction, going negative.
</para>
<para>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata fileref="images/linen.jpg" format="JPG"/>
</imageobject>
<textobject>
<phrase>[Envelope generated by the linen opcode]</phrase>
</textobject>
<caption>
<para>Envelope generated by the <emphasis>linen</emphasis> opcode</para>
</caption>
</mediaobject>
</para>
<para>
<note>
<para>A common error with this opcode is to assume that the value of
0 is the held after the envelope has finished at
<emphasis>idur</emphasis>. <emphasis>linen</emphasis> does not
automatically end or stop at the end of the duration given.
If your note length is longer than <emphasis>idur</emphasis>
seconds, <emphasis>kres</emphasis> (or <emphasis>ares</emphasis>)
will not come to rest at 0, but will instead continue to fall
with the same rate. If a decay and then hold is required then
the <link linkend="linseg"><citetitle>linseg</citetitle></link> opcode should be considered instead.
</para>
</note>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Examples</title>
<para>
Here is an example of the linen opcode. It uses the file <ulink url="examples/linen.csd"><citetitle>linen.csd</citetitle></ulink>.
<example>
<title>Example of the linen opcode.</title>
<para>See the sections <link linkend="UsingRealTime"><citetitle>Real-time Audio</citetitle></link> and <link linkend="CommandFlags"><citetitle>Command Line Flags</citetitle></link> for more information on using command line flags.</para>
<xi:include href="examples-xml/linen.csd.xml" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"/>
</example>
</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<link linkend="envlpx"><citetitle>envlpx</citetitle></link>,
<link linkend="envlpxr"><citetitle>envlpxr</citetitle></link>,
<link linkend="linenr"><citetitle>linenr</citetitle></link>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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