#!/usr/bin/perl =head1 NAME dh - debhelper command sequencer =cut use strict; use warnings; use constant { 'UNSKIPPABLE_CLI_OPTIONS_BUILD_SYSTEM' => q(-S|--buildsystem|-D|--sourcedir(?:ectory)?|-B|--builddir(?:ectory)?), 'BUILD_STAMP_FILE' => 'debian/debhelper-build-stamp', }; use Debian::Debhelper::Dh_Lib; use Debian::Debhelper::Sequence; use Debian::Debhelper::SequencerUtil; use Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState (); our $VERSION = DH_BUILTIN_VERSION; =head1 SYNOPSIS B I [B<--with> I[B<,>I ...]] [B<--list>] [S>] =head1 DESCRIPTION B runs a sequence of debhelper commands. The supported Is correspond to the targets of a F file: B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, B, and B. =head1 OVERRIDE AND HOOK TARGETS A F file using B can override the command that is run at any step in a sequence, by defining an override target. It is also possible to inject a command before or after any step without affecting the step itself. =head2 Injecting commands before or after a step I: This feature requires debhelper 12.8 or later plus the package must use compatibility mode 10 or later. To inject commands before I, add a target named BI to the rules files. Similarly, if you want to inject commands after I, add the target BI. Both targets can be used for the same I and also even if the command is overridden (as described in L below). When these targets are defined, B will call the targets respectively before or after it would invoke I (or its override target). =head2 Overriding a command To override I, add a target named BI to the rules file. When it would normally run I, B will instead call that target. The override target can then run the command with additional options, or run entirely different commands instead. See examples below. =head2 Architecture dependent/independent override and hook targets The override and hook targets can also be defined to run only when building architecture dependent or architecture independent packages. Use targets with names like BIB<-arch> and BIB<-indep>. This feature is available since debhelper 8.9.7 (for override targets) and 12.8 (for hook targets). =head2 Completely empty targets As a special optimization, B will skip a target if it is completely empty and does not depend on any other target. This is mostly useful for override targets, where the command will simply be skipped without the overhead of invoking a dummy target. Note that the target has to be completely empty for this to work: # Skip dh_bar - the good and optimized way # Some rationale for skipping dh_bar goes here override_dh_bar: # Skip dh_foo - the slow way override_dh_foo: # Some rationale for skipping dh_foo goes here # (these comments causes a dummy target to be run) =head2 Verifying targets are picked up by dh As of debhelper 13.10, you can use L to see which override and hook targets will be seen by B. Here is an example run of L along with its output: $ dh_assistant detect-hook-targets { "commands-not-in-path": [ "dh_foo" ], "hook-targets": [ { "command": "dh_strip_nondeterminism", "is-empty": true, "package-section-param": null, "target-name": "override_dh_strip_nondeterminism" }, { "command": "dh_foo", "is-empty": false, "package-section-param": "-a", "target-name": "override_dh_foo-arch" } ] } The B is useful for spotting mistakes in the hook target names. A non-empty value implies one of more hook targets are related to a command that is either not installed or no command with that name exists at all. It is generally worth double checking these. Additionally, the B attribute for each hook target can be used for seeing whether a hook target triggers the L optimization. If you are interested in the other attributes, please read the L for the details. =head3 Verifying targets are picked up by dh (when debhelper is older than 13.10) On older versions of debhelper, you have to use B with B<--no-act>. You can use the following command as an example: $ dh binary --no-act | grep dh_install | head -n5 dh_installdirs dh_install debian/rules execute_after_dh_install dh_installdocs dh_installchangelogs The B in the output, which signals that B registered a B target and would run it directly after L. Note that L will be omitted in the listing above. This makes it a bit harder to spot as you are looking for the omission of a command name. But otherwise, the principle remains the same. =head2 Caveats with hook targets and makefile conditionals If you choose to wrap a hook target in makefile conditionals, please be aware that B computes all the hook targets a head of time and caches the result for that run. Furthermore, the conditionals will be invoked again when B calls the hook target later and will assume the answer did not change. The parsing and caching I happens before B knows whether it will build arch:any (-a) or/and arch:all (-i) packages, which can produce confusing results - especially when L is part of the conditional. Most of the problems can be avoided by making the hook target unconditional and then have the "body" be partially or completely conditional. As an example: # SIMPLE: It is well-defined what happens. The hook target # is always considered. The "maybe run this" bit is # conditional but dh_foo is definitely skipped. # # Note: The conditional is evaluated "twice" where its # influences what happens. Once when dh check which hook # targets exist and once when the override_dh_foo hook target # is run. If *either* times return false, "maybe run this" # is skipped. override_dh_foo: ifneq (...) maybe run this endif # SIMPLE: This is also well-defined. The hook target is always # run and dh_bar is skipped. The "maybe run this" bit is # conditional as one might expect. # # Note: The conditional is still evaluated multiple times (in # different process each time). However, only the evaluation # that happens when the hook target is run influences what # happens. override_dh_bar: : # Dummy command to force the target to always be run ifneq (...) maybe run this endif # COMPLICATED: This case can be non-trivial and have sharp edges. # Use at your own peril if dh_listpackages in the conditional. # # Here, either dh_baz is run normally OR "maybe run this" is run # instead. # # And it gets even more complicated to reason about if dh needs to # recurse into debian/rules because you have an "explicit" # standard target (e.g. a "build-arch:" target separate from "%:"). ifneq (...) override_dh_baz: maybe run this endif These recipes are also relevant for conditional dependency targets, which are often seen in a variant of the following example: COND_TASKS = ifneq (...) COND_TASKS += maybe-run-this endif ... maybe-run-this: ... # SIMPLE: It is well-defined what happens. Either the # $(COND_TASKS) are skipped or run. # # Note: The conditional is evaluated "twice" where its # influences what happens. Once when dh check which hook # targets exist and once when the override_dh_foo hook target # is run. If *either* times return false, $(COND_TASKS) # is skipped. override_dh_foo: $(COND_TASKS) # SIMPLE: This is also well-defined. The hook target is always # run and dh_bar is skipped. The $(COND_TASKS) bit is # conditional as one might expect. # # Note: The conditional is still evaluated multiple times (in # different process each time). However, only the evaluation # that happens when the hook target is run influences what # happens. override_dh_bar: $(COND_TASKS) : # Dummy command to force the target to always be run # COMPLICATED: This case can be non-trivial and have sharp edges. # Use at your own peril if dh_listpackages in the conditional. # ifneq (...) override_dh_baz: $(COND_TASKS) endif When in doubt, pick the relevant B case in the examples above that match your need. =head1 OPTIONS =over 4 =item B<--with> I[B<,>I ...] Add the debhelper commands specified by the given addon to appropriate places in the sequence of commands that is run. This option can be repeated more than once, or multiple addons can be listed, separated by commas. This is used when there is a third-party package that provides debhelper commands. See the F file for documentation about the sequence addon interface. A B relation on the package BI implies a B<--with> I. This avoids the need for an explicit B<--with> in F that only duplicates what is already declared via the build dependencies in F. The relation can (since 12.5) be made optional via e.g. build-profiles. This enables you to easily disable an addon that is only useful with certain profiles (e.g. to facilitate bootstrapping). Since debhelper 12.5, addons can also be activated in B-only mode (via B) or B-only mode (via B). Such addons are only active in the particular sequence (e.g. B) which simplifies dependency management for cross-builds. Please note that addons activated via B or B are subject to additional limitations to ensure the result is deterministic even when the addon is unavailable (e.g. during clean). This implies that some addons are incompatible with these restrictions and can only be used via B (or manually via F). Currently, such addons can only add commands to sequences. =item B<--without> I The inverse of B<--with>, disables using the given addon. This option can be repeated more than once, or multiple addons to disable can be listed, separated by commas. =item B<--list>, B<-l> List all available addons. When called only with this option, B can be called from any directory (i.e. it does not need access to files from a source package). =item B<--no-act> Prints commands that would run for a given sequence, but does not run them. Note that dh normally skips running commands that it knows will do nothing. With --no-act, the full list of commands in a sequence is printed. =back Other options passed to B are passed on to each command it runs. This can be used to set an option like B<-v> or B<-X> or B<-N>, as well as for more specialised options. =head1 EXAMPLES To see what commands are included in a sequence, without actually doing anything: dh binary-arch --no-act This is a very simple rules file, for packages where the default sequences of commands work with no additional options. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ Often you'll want to pass an option to a specific debhelper command. The easy way to do with is by adding an override target for that command. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ override_dh_strip: dh_strip -Xfoo override_dh_auto_configure: dh_auto_configure -- --with-foo --disable-bar Sometimes the automated L and L can't guess what to do for a strange package. Here's how to avoid running either and instead run your own commands. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ override_dh_auto_configure: ./mondoconfig override_dh_auto_build: make universe-explode-in-delight Another common case is wanting to do something manually before or after a particular debhelper command is run. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ # Example assumes debhelper/12.8 and compat 10+ execute_after_dh_fixperms: chmod 4755 debian/foo/usr/bin/foo If you are on an older debhelper or compatibility level, the above example would have to be written as. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ # Older debhelper versions or using compat 9 or lower. override_dh_fixperms: dh_fixperms chmod 4755 debian/foo/usr/bin/foo Python tools are not run by dh by default, due to the continual change in that area. Here is how to use B. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --with python2 Here is how to force use of Perl's B build system, which can be necessary if debhelper wrongly detects that the package uses MakeMaker. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --buildsystem=perl_build Here is an example of overriding where the BI<*> commands find the package's source, for a package where the source is located in a subdirectory. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --sourcedirectory=src And here is an example of how to tell the BI<*> commands to build in a subdirectory, which will be removed on B. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --builddirectory=build If your package can be built in parallel, please either use compat 10 or pass B<--parallel> to dh. Then B will work. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --parallel If your package cannot be built reliably while using multiple threads, please pass B<--no-parallel> to dh (or the relevant BI<*> command): #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ --no-parallel Here is a way to prevent B from running several commands that you don't want it to run, by defining empty override targets for each command. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ # Commands not to run: override_dh_auto_test override_dh_compress override_dh_fixperms: A long build process for a separate documentation package can be separated out using architecture independent overrides. These will be skipped when running build-arch and binary-arch sequences. #!/usr/bin/make -f %: dh $@ override_dh_auto_build-indep: $(MAKE) -C docs # No tests needed for docs override_dh_auto_test-indep: override_dh_auto_install-indep: $(MAKE) -C docs install Adding to the example above, suppose you need to chmod a file, but only when building the architecture dependent package, as it's not present when building only documentation. # Example assumes debhelper/12.8 and compat 10+ execute_after_dh_fixperms-arch: chmod 4755 debian/foo/usr/bin/foo =head1 DEBHELPER PROVIDED DH ADDONS The primary purpose of B addons is to provide easy integration with third-party provided features for debhelper. However, debhelper itself also provide a few sequences that can be useful in some cases. These are documented in this list: =over 4 =item build-stamp A special addon for controlling whether B (in compat 10 or later) will create stamp files to tell whether the build target has been run successfully. See L for more details. This addon is active by default but can disabled by using B =item dwz (obsolete) Adds L to the sequence in compat level 11 or below. Obsolete in compat 12 or later. =item elf-tools This addon adds tools related to ELF files to the sequence such as L and L This addon is I active by default for architecture specific packages - that is, it is skipped for arch:all packages. In the special case where you need these tools to work on arch:all packages, you can use B<--with elf-tools> to activate it unconditionally. =item installinitramfs (obsolete) Adds L to the sequence in compat level 11 or below. Obsolete in compat 12 or later. =item root-sequence (internal) This is reserved for internal usage. =item single-binary A special-purpose addon that makes debhelper run in "single binary" mode. When active, it will pass B<< --destdir=debian/I/ >> to L. This makes every file "installed" by the upstream build system part of the (only) binary package by default without having to use other helpers such as L. The addon will refuse to activate when the source package lists 2 or more binary packages in F as a precaution. Before compat 15. this behaviour was the default when there was only a single binary package listed in F. In compat 15 and later, this addon must explicitly be activated for this feature to work. The rationale for requiring this as an explicit choice is that if it is implicit then debhelper will silently change behaviour on adding a new binary package. This has caused many RC bugs when maintainers renamed a binary and added transitional packages with the intention of supporting seamless upgrades. The result would often be two empty binary packages that were uploaded to archive with users frustrated as their "upgrade" removed their programs. =item systemd (obsolete) Adds L and L to the sequence in compat level 10 or below. Obsolete in compat 11 or later. =back =head1 INTERNALS If you're curious about B's internals, here's how it works under the hood. In compat 10 (or later), B creates a stamp file F after the build step(s) are complete to avoid re-running them. It is possible to avoid the stamp file by passing B<--without=build-stamp> to B. This makes "no clean" builds behave more like what some people expect at the expense of possibly running the build and test twice (the second time as root or under L). Inside an override target, B commands will create a log file F to keep track of which packages the command(s) have been run for. These log files are then removed once the override target is complete. In compat 9 or earlier, each debhelper command will record when it's successfully run in F. (Which B deletes.) So B can tell which commands have already been run, for which packages, and skip running those commands again. Each time B is run (in compat 9 or earlier), it examines the log, and finds the last logged command that is in the specified sequence. It then continues with the next command in the sequence. A sequence can also run dependent targets in debian/rules. For example, the "binary" sequence runs the "install" target. B uses the B environment variable to pass information through to debhelper commands that are run inside override targets. The contents (and indeed, existence) of this environment variable, as the name might suggest, is subject to change at any time. Commands in the B, B and B sequences are passed the B<-i> option to ensure they only work on architecture independent packages, and commands in the B, B and B sequences are passed the B<-a> option to ensure they only work on architecture dependent packages. =cut # Stash this away before init modifies it. my @ARGV_orig=@ARGV; my (@addons, @addon_requests); # Reset umask to 0022 per #944691 umask(0022); init(options => { "until=s" => \$dh{UNTIL}, "after=s" => \$dh{AFTER}, "before=s" => \$dh{BEFORE}, "remaining" => \$dh{REMAINING}, "with=s" => sub { my ($option, $value) = @_; push(@addon_requests, map { "+${_}" } split(",", $value)); }, "without=s" => sub { my ($option, $value) = @_; push(@addon_requests, map { "-${_}" } split(",", $value)); }, "l" => \&list_addons, "list" => \&list_addons, }, # Disable complaints about unknown options; they are passed on to # the debhelper commands. ignore_unknown_options => 1, # Bundling does not work well since there are unknown options. bundling => 0, internal_parse_dh_sequence_info => 1, inhibit_log => 1, ); set_buildflags(); reject_obsolete_params(); # If make is using a jobserver, but it is not available # to this process, clean out MAKEFLAGS. This avoids # ugly warnings when calling make. if (is_make_jobserver_unavailable()) { clean_jobserver_makeflags(); } # Process the sequence parameter. my $sequence; if (! compat(7)) { # From v8, the sequence is the very first parameter. $sequence=shift @ARGV_orig; if (defined $sequence && $sequence=~/^-/) { error "Unknown sequence $sequence (options should not come before the sequence)"; } } else { # Before v8, the sequence could be at any position in the parameters, # so was what was left after parsing. $sequence=shift; if (defined $sequence) { @ARGV_orig=grep { $_ ne $sequence } @ARGV_orig; } } if (! defined $sequence) { error "specify a sequence to run"; } # make -B causes the rules file to be run as a target. # Also support completely empty override targets. # Note: it's not safe to use rules_explicit_target before this check, # since it causes dh to be run. if ($sequence eq 'debian/rules' || $sequence =~ /^override_dh_/ || $sequence =~ /^execute_(?:after|before)_dh_/ || $sequence eq DUMMY_TARGET) { exit 0; } load_sequence_addon('root-sequence', SEQUENCE_TYPE_BOTH); sub list_addons { my %addons; for my $inc (@INC) { require File::Spec; my $path = File::Spec->catdir($inc, "Debian/Debhelper/Sequence"); if (-d $path) { for my $module_path (glob "$path/*.pm") { my $name = basename($module_path); $name =~ s/\.pm$//; $name =~ s/_/-/g; next if $name eq 'root-sequence'; $addons{$name} = 1; } } } for my $name (sort keys %addons) { print "$name\n"; } exit 0; } # The list of all packages that can be acted on. my @packages=@{$dh{DOPACKAGES}}; my @arch_packages = getpackages("arch"); my @indep_packages = getpackages("indep"); my %sequence2packages = ( 'build-arch' => \@arch_packages, 'install-arch' => \@arch_packages, 'binary-arch' => \@arch_packages, 'build-indep' => \@indep_packages, 'install-indep' => \@indep_packages, 'binary-indep' => \@indep_packages, 'clean' => \@packages, 'build' => \@packages, 'install' => \@packages, 'binary' => \@packages, ); my $sequence_unpack_flags = 0; if ($sequence eq 'build-arch' || $sequence eq 'install-arch' || $sequence eq 'binary-arch') { push(@Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::options, "-a"); # as an optimisation, remove from the list any packages # that are not arch dependent @packages = @{$sequence2packages{$sequence}}; } elsif ($sequence eq 'build-indep' || $sequence eq 'install-indep' || $sequence eq 'binary-indep') { push(@Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::options, "-i"); # ditto optimisation for arch indep @packages = @{$sequence2packages{$sequence}}; } if (not @arch_packages) { $sequence_unpack_flags = FLAG_OPT_SOURCE_BUILDS_NO_ARCH_PACKAGES; } elsif (not @indep_packages) { $sequence_unpack_flags = FLAG_OPT_SOURCE_BUILDS_NO_INDEP_PACKAGES; } @addons = compute_selected_addons($sequence, @addon_requests); # Load addons, which can modify sequences. foreach my $addon (@addons) { my $addon_name = $addon->{'name'}; my $addon_type = $addon->{'addon-type'}; load_sequence_addon($addon_name, $addon_type); } if (%Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::commands_added_by_addon) { while (my ($cmd, $addon) = each(%Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::commands_added_by_addon)) { my $addon_type = $addon->{'addon-type'}; if ($addon_type eq 'indep') { unshift(@{$Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::command_opts{$cmd}}, '-i'); } elsif ($addon_type eq 'arch') { unshift(@{$Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::command_opts{$cmd}}, '-a'); } } } if (! exists($Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::sequences{$sequence})) { error("Unknown sequence $sequence (choose from: ". join(" ", sort(keys(%Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::sequences))).")"); } parse_dh_cmd_options(@ARGV_orig); _hoist_profile_into_dbo('nodoc'); _hoist_profile_into_dbo('nocheck'); if (is_cross_compiling() && !get_buildoption('nocheck') && !get_buildoption('crossbuildcanrunhostbinaries')) { warning('Running tests during cross-builds is not supported in the general case (except for special cases or by'); warning('using emulation)'); warning('If the build fails, please consider rebuilding with DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=nocheck.'); if (!is_build_profile_active('cross')) { warning('Additionally, you might have to set the "cross" profile. For dpkg-buildpackage, you do this by'); warning('passing the -Pcross option. Check the documentation of your build tool for how to set'); warning('DEB_BUILD_PROFILES if you use another build tool that does not auto-configure cross-building for you'); } warning('If you have setup the relevant support for running cross-compiled binaries and want to silence this'); warning('warning, please use DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=crossbuildcanrunhostbinaries') } # Figure out at what point in the sequence to start for each package. my (%logged, %startpoint, $completed_sequences); $completed_sequences = _check_for_completed_sequences(\%sequence2packages); # In compat <= 8, the sequences are always inlined (those versions do not # recurse into debian/rules anyway). In compat 9+, we never inline an # existing rules target. my ($rules_targets, $full_sequence) = unpack_sequence(\%Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::sequences, $sequence, (!compat(8) ? 0 : 1), $completed_sequences, $sequence_unpack_flags, ); check_for_obsolete_commands($full_sequence); %startpoint = compute_starting_point_in_sequences(\@packages, $full_sequence, \%logged); for my $rules_command (@{$rules_targets}) { my $rules_target = extract_rules_target_name($rules_command) // error("Internal error: $rules_command was not a rules target!?"); # Don't pass DH_ environment variables, since this is # a fresh invocation of debian/rules and any sub-dh commands. delete($ENV{DH_INTERNAL_OPTIONS}); delete($ENV{DH_INTERNAL_OVERRIDE}); run_sequence_command_and_exit_on_failure("debian/rules", $rules_target); my $override_packages = $sequence2packages{$rules_target} // \@packages; for my $package (@{$override_packages}) { my (undef, $seq) = unpack_sequence(\%Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::sequences, $rules_target, 1); COMMAND: for my $c (reverse(@{$seq})) { for my $j (0 .. $#{$full_sequence}) { if ($c eq $full_sequence->[$j]) { # Unfortunately, we do not guarantee any order # between the run targets. Assuming e.g. # "install-arch" and "build" are opaque targets # then we could process "install-arch" first and # then "build". In this case, it is important # that we do not "reset" the starting point for # "arch" packages. Otherwise, we might repeat # part of the "install-arch" sequence when we # should not. $startpoint{$package} = $j + 1 if $j + 1 > $startpoint{$package}; last COMMAND; } } } } } run_through_command_sequence($full_sequence, \%startpoint, \%logged, \@Debian::Debhelper::DH::SequenceState::options, \@packages, \@arch_packages, \@indep_packages); sub _check_for_completed_sequences { my ($sequence2packages) = @_; my (%completed, %stamp_file_content); if ( -f BUILD_STAMP_FILE and not compat(9)) { open(my $fd, '<', BUILD_STAMP_FILE) or error("open(${\BUILD_STAMP_FILE}, ro) failed: $!"); while (my $line = <$fd>) { chomp($line); $stamp_file_content{$line} = 1; } close($fd); my $build_indep_target_done = 1; my $build_arch_target_done = 1; for my $pkg (@{$sequence2packages->{'build-arch'}}) { if (not $stamp_file_content{$pkg}) { $build_arch_target_done = 0; last; } } for my $pkg (@{$sequence2packages->{'build-indep'}}) { if (not $stamp_file_content{$pkg}) { $build_indep_target_done = 0; last; } } $completed{'build-arch'} = 1 if $build_arch_target_done; $completed{'build-indep'} = 1 if $build_indep_target_done; $completed{'build'} = 1 if $build_indep_target_done and $build_arch_target_done; } return \%completed; } sub reject_obsolete_params { foreach my $deprecated ('until', 'after', 'before', 'remaining') { if (defined $dh{uc $deprecated}) { error("The --$deprecated option is not supported any longer (#932537). Use override targets instead."); } } } sub _hoist_profile_into_dbo { my ($name) = @_; if (is_build_profile_active($name) && !get_buildoption($name)) { $ENV{'DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS'} //= ''; $ENV{'DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS'} .= ' ' . $name; warning("Copying ${name} into DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS: It was in DEB_BUILD_PROFILES and but not in DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS"); } } =head1 SEE ALSO L This program is a part of debhelper. =head1 AUTHOR Joey Hess =cut