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diff --git a/modules/pam_cracklib/README b/modules/pam_cracklib/README deleted file mode 100644 index 25ec00b4..00000000 --- a/modules/pam_cracklib/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,220 +0,0 @@ -pam_cracklib — PAM module to check the password against dictionary words - -━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ - -DESCRIPTION - -This module can be plugged into the password stack of a given application to -provide some plug-in strength-checking for passwords. - -The action of this module is to prompt the user for a password and check its -strength against a system dictionary and a set of rules for identifying poor -choices. - -The first action is to prompt for a single password, check its strength and -then, if it is considered strong, prompt for the password a second time (to -verify that it was typed correctly on the first occasion). All being well, the -password is passed on to subsequent modules to be installed as the new -authentication token. - -The strength checks works in the following manner: at first the Cracklib -routine is called to check if the password is part of a dictionary; if this is -not the case an additional set of strength checks is done. These checks are: - -Palindrome - - Is the new password a palindrome of the old one? - -Case Change Only - - Is the new password the the old one with only a change of case? - -Similar - - Is the new password too much like the old one? This is primarily controlled - by one argument, difok which is a number of characters that if different - between the old and new are enough to accept the new password, this - defaults to 10 or 1/2 the size of the new password whichever is smaller. - - To avoid the lockup associated with trying to change a long and complicated - password, difignore is available. This argument can be used to specify the - minimum length a new password needs to be before the difok value is - ignored. The default value for difignore is 23. - -Simple - - Is the new password too small? This is controlled by 5 arguments minlen, - dcredit, ucredit, lcredit, and ocredit. See the section on the arguments - for the details of how these work and there defaults. - -Rotated - - Is the new password a rotated version of the old password? - -Already used - - Was the password used in the past? Previously used passwords are to be - found in /etc/security/opasswd. - -This module with no arguments will work well for standard unix password -encryption. With md5 encryption, passwords can be longer than 8 characters and -the default settings for this module can make it hard for the user to choose a -satisfactory new password. Notably, the requirement that the new password -contain no more than 1/2 of the characters in the old password becomes a -non-trivial constraint. For example, an old password of the form "the quick -brown fox jumped over the lazy dogs" would be difficult to change... In -addition, the default action is to allow passwords as small as 5 characters in -length. For a md5 systems it can be a good idea to increase the required -minimum size of a password. One can then allow more credit for different kinds -of characters but accept that the new password may share most of these -characters with the old password. - -OPTIONS - -debug - - This option makes the module write information to syslog(3) indicating the - behavior of the module (this option does not write password information to - the log file). - -type=XXX - - The default action is for the module to use the following prompts when - requesting passwords: "New UNIX password: " and "Retype UNIX password: ". - The default word UNIX can be replaced with this option. - -retry=N - - Prompt user at most N times before returning with error. The default is 1 - -difok=N - - This argument will change the default of 5 for the number of characters in - the new password that must not be present in the old password. In addition, - if 1/2 of the characters in the new password are different then the new - password will be accepted anyway. - -difignore=N - - How many characters should the password have before difok will be ignored. - The default is 23. - -minlen=N - - The minimum acceptable size for the new password (plus one if credits are - not disabled which is the default). In addition to the number of characters - in the new password, credit (of +1 in length) is given for each different - kind of character (other, upper, lower and digit). The default for this - parameter is 9 which is good for a old style UNIX password all of the same - type of character but may be too low to exploit the added security of a md5 - system. Note that there is a pair of length limits in Cracklib itself, a - "way too short" limit of 4 which is hard coded in and a defined limit (6) - that will be checked without reference to minlen. If you want to allow - passwords as short as 5 characters you should not use this module. - -dcredit=N - - (N >= 0) This is the maximum credit for having digits in the new password. - If you have less than or N digits, each digit will count +1 towards meeting - the current minlen value. The default for dcredit is 1 which is the - recommended value for minlen less than 10. - - (N < 0) This is the minimum number of digits that must be met for a new - password. - -ucredit=N - - (N >= 0) This is the maximum credit for having upper case letters in the - new password. If you have less than or N upper case letters each letter - will count +1 towards meeting the current minlen value. The default for - ucredit is 1 which is the recommended value for minlen less than 10. - - (N > 0) This is the minimum number of upper case letters that must be met - for a new password. - -lcredit=N - - (N >= 0) This is the maximum credit for having lower case letters in the - new password. If you have less than or N lower case letters, each letter - will count +1 towards meeting the current minlen value. The default for - lcredit is 1 which is the recommended value for minlen less than 10. - - (N < 0) This is the minimum number of lower case letters that must be met - for a new password. - -ocredit=N - - (N >= 0) This is the maximum credit for having other characters in the new - password. If you have less than or N other characters, each character will - count +1 towards meeting the current minlen value. The default for ocredit - is 1 which is the recommended value for minlen less than 10. - - (N < 0) This is the minimum number of other characters that must be met for - a new password. - -minclass=N - - The minimum number of required classes of characters for the new password. - The default number is zero. The four classes are digits, upper and lower - letters and other characters. The difference to the credit check is that a - specific class if of characters is not required. Instead N out of four of - the classes are required. - -use_authtok - - This argument is used to force the module to not prompt the user for a new - password but use the one provided by the previously stacked password - module. - -dictpath=/path/to/dict - - Path to the cracklib dictionaries. - -EXAMPLES - -For an example of the use of this module, we show how it may be stacked with -the password component of pam_unix(8) - -# -# These lines stack two password type modules. In this example the -# user is given 3 opportunities to enter a strong password. The -# "use_authtok" argument ensures that the pam_unix module does not -# prompt for a password, but instead uses the one provided by -# pam_cracklib. -# -passwd password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 -passwd password required pam_unix.so use_authtok - - -Another example (in the /etc/pam.d/passwd format) is for the case that you want -to use md5 password encryption: - -#%PAM-1.0 -# -# These lines allow a md5 systems to support passwords of at least 14 -# bytes with extra credit of 2 for digits and 2 for others the new -# password must have at least three bytes that are not present in the -# old password -# -password required pam_cracklib.so \ - difok=3 minlen=15 dcredit= 2 ocredit=2 -password required pam_unix.so use_authtok nullok md5 - - -And here is another example in case you don't want to use credits: - -#%PAM-1.0 -# -# These lines require the user to select a password with a minimum -# length of 8 and with at least 1 digit number, 1 upper case letter, -# and 1 other character -# -password required pam_cracklib.so \ - dcredit=-1 ucredit=-1 ocredit=-1 lcredit=0 minlen=8 -password required pam_unix.so use_authtok nullok md5 - - -AUTHOR - -pam_cracklib was written by Cristian Gafton <gafton@redhat.com> - |