(now we are getting networked apps, be careful to try and test on a securely isolated system!) These programs grant no privileges, but they give an idea of how well the modules are working. blank is new as of Linux-PAM-0.21. If you are writing/modifying an application it might be a place to start... xsh is new as of Linux-PAM-0.31, it is identical to blank, but invokes /bin/sh if the user is authenticated.