Import upstream version 1.7.0

7 files changed, 2941 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/pykwalify/__init__.py b/pykwalify/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..998125f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pykwalify """
+
+# python stdlib
+import logging
+import logging.config
+import os
+
+__author__ = 'Grokzen <Grokzen@gmail.com>'
+__version_info__ = (1, 7, 0)
+__version__ = '.'.join(map(str, __version_info__))
+
+
+log_level_to_string_map = {
+    5: "DEBUG",
+    4: "INFO",
+    3: "WARNING",
+    2: "ERROR",
+    1: "CRITICAL",
+    0: "INFO"
+}
+
+
+def init_logging(log_level):
+    """
+    Init logging settings with default set to INFO
+    """
+    log_level = log_level_to_string_map[min(log_level, 5)]
+
+    msg = "%(levelname)s - %(name)s:%(lineno)s - %(message)s" if log_level in os.environ else "%(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+
+    logging_conf = {
+        "version": 1,
+        "root": {
+            "level": log_level,
+            "handlers": ["console"]
+        },
+        "handlers": {
+            "console": {
+                "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
+                "level": log_level,
+                "formatter": "simple",
+                "stream": "ext://sys.stdout"
+            }
+        },
+        "formatters": {
+            "simple": {
+                "format": " {0}".format(msg)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    logging.config.dictConfig(logging_conf)
+
+
+partial_schemas = {}
diff --git a/pykwalify/cli.py b/pykwalify/cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e908033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pyKwalify - cli.py """
+
+# python std lib
+import logging
+import logging.config
+import sys
+
+# 3rd party imports
+from docopt import docopt
+
+
+def parse_cli():
+    """
+    The outline of this function needs to be like this:
+
+    1. parse arguments
+    2. validate arguments only, dont go into other logic/code
+    3. run application logic
+    """
+
+    #
+    # 1. parse cli arguments
+    #
+
+    __docopt__ = """
+usage: pykwalify -d FILE -s FILE ... [-e FILE ...]
+       [--strict-rule-validation] [--fix-ruby-style-regex] [--allow-assertions] [-v ...] [-q]
+
+optional arguments:
+  -d FILE, --data-file FILE            the file to be tested
+  -e FILE, --extension FILE            file containing python extension
+  -s FILE, --schema-file FILE          schema definition file
+  --fix-ruby-style-regex               This flag fixes some of the quirks of ruby style regex
+                                       that is not compatible with python style regex
+  --strict-rule-validation             enables strict validation of all keywords for all
+                                       Rule objects to find unsupported keyword usage
+  --allow-assertions                   By default assertions is disabled due to security risk.
+                                       Error will be raised if assertion is used in schema
+                                       but this flag is not used. This option enables assert keyword.
+  -h, --help                           show this help message and exit
+  -q, --quiet                          suppress terminal output
+  -v, --verbose                        verbose terminal output (multiple -v increases verbosity)
+  --version                            display the version number and exit
+"""
+
+    # Import pykwalify package
+    import pykwalify
+
+    args = docopt(__docopt__, version=pykwalify.__version__)
+
+    pykwalify.init_logging(1 if args["--quiet"] else args["--verbose"])
+    log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+    #
+    # 2. validate arguments only, dont go into other code/logic
+    #
+
+    log.debug("Setting verbose level: %s", args["--verbose"])
+    log.debug("Arguments from CLI: %s", args)
+
+    return args
+
+
+def run(cli_args):
+    """
+    Split the functionality into 2 methods.
+
+    One for parsing the cli and one that runs the application.
+    """
+    from .core import Core
+
+    c = Core(
+        source_file=cli_args["--data-file"],
+        schema_files=cli_args["--schema-file"],
+        extensions=cli_args['--extension'],
+        strict_rule_validation=cli_args['--strict-rule-validation'],
+        fix_ruby_style_regex=cli_args['--fix-ruby-style-regex'],
+        allow_assertions=cli_args['--allow-assertions'],
+    )
+    c.validate()
+    return c
+
+
+def cli_entrypoint():
+    """
+    Main entrypoint for script. Used by setup.py to automatically
+    create a cli script
+    """
+    # Check minimum version of Python
+    if sys.version_info < (2, 7, 0):
+        sys.stderr.write(u"WARNING: pykwalify: It is recommended to run pykwalify on python version 2.7.x or later...\n\n")
+
+    run(parse_cli())
diff --git a/pykwalify/compat.py b/pykwalify/compat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fc2df0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/compat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# python stdlib
+import sys
+import logging
+
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+try:
+    from ruamel import yaml
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        import yaml
+    except ImportError:
+        log.critical("Unable to import either ruamel.yaml or pyyaml")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+log.debug("Using yaml library: {0}".format(yaml.__file__))
+
+
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+    # Python 2.x.x series
+    basestring = basestring  # NOQA: F821
+    unicode = unicode    # NOQA: F821
+    bytes = str    # NOQA: F821
+
+    def u(x):
+        """ """
+        return x.decode()
+
+    def b(x):
+        """ """
+        return x
+
+    def nativestr(x):
+        """ """
+        return x if isinstance(x, str) else x.encode('utf-8', 'replace')
+else:
+    # Python 3.x.x series
+    basestring = str  # NOQA: F821
+    unicode = str  # NOQA: F821
+    bytes = bytes  # NOQA: F821
+
+    def u(x):
+        """ """
+        return x
+
+    def b(x):
+        """ """
+        return x.encode('latin-1') if not isinstance(x, bytes) else x
+
+    def nativestr(x):
+        """ """
+        return x if isinstance(x, str) else x.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
diff --git a/pykwalify/core.py b/pykwalify/core.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e94ac80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/core.py
@@ -0,0 +1,978 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pyKwalify - core.py """
+
+# python std lib
+import datetime
+import imp
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import traceback
+import time
+
+# pyKwalify imports
+import pykwalify
+from pykwalify.compat import unicode, nativestr, basestring
+from pykwalify.errors import CoreError, SchemaError, NotMappingError, NotSequenceError
+from pykwalify.rule import Rule
+from pykwalify.types import is_scalar, is_string, tt
+
+# 3rd party imports
+from pykwalify.compat import yaml
+from dateutil.parser import parse
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Core(object):
+    """ Core class of pyKwalify """
+
+    def __init__(self, source_file=None, schema_files=None, source_data=None, schema_data=None, extensions=None, strict_rule_validation=False,
+                 fix_ruby_style_regex=False, allow_assertions=False,):
+        """
+        :param extensions:
+            List of paths to python files that should be imported and available via 'func' keywork.
+            This list of extensions can be set manually or they should be provided by the `--extension`
+            flag from the cli. This list should not contain files specified by the `extensions` list keyword
+            that can be defined at the top level of the schema.
+        """
+        if schema_files is None:
+            schema_files = []
+        if extensions is None:
+            extensions = []
+
+        log.debug(u"source_file: %s", source_file)
+        log.debug(u"schema_file: %s", schema_files)
+        log.debug(u"source_data: %s", source_data)
+        log.debug(u"schema_data: %s", schema_data)
+        log.debug(u"extension files: %s", extensions)
+
+        self.source = None
+        self.schema = None
+        self.validation_errors = None
+        self.validation_errors_exceptions = None
+        self.root_rule = None
+        self.extensions = extensions
+        self.errors = []
+        self.strict_rule_validation = strict_rule_validation
+        self.fix_ruby_style_regex = fix_ruby_style_regex
+        self.allow_assertions = allow_assertions
+
+        if source_file is not None:
+            if not os.path.exists(source_file):
+                raise CoreError(u"Provided source_file do not exists on disk: {0}".format(source_file))
+
+            with open(source_file, "r") as stream:
+                if source_file.endswith(".json"):
+                    self.source = json.load(stream)
+                elif source_file.endswith(".yaml") or source_file.endswith('.yml'):
+                    self.source = yaml.safe_load(stream)
+                else:
+                    raise CoreError(u"Unable to load source_file. Unknown file format of specified file path: {0}".format(source_file))
+
+        if not isinstance(schema_files, list):
+            raise CoreError(u"schema_files must be of list type")
+
+        # Merge all schema files into one single file for easy parsing
+        if len(schema_files) > 0:
+            schema_data = {}
+            for f in schema_files:
+                if not os.path.exists(f):
+                    raise CoreError(u"Provided source_file do not exists on disk : {0}".format(f))
+
+                with open(f, "r") as stream:
+                    if f.endswith(".json"):
+                        data = json.load(stream)
+                    elif f.endswith(".yaml") or f.endswith(".yml"):
+                        data = yaml.safe_load(stream)
+                        if not data:
+                            raise CoreError(u"No data loaded from file : {0}".format(f))
+                    else:
+                        raise CoreError(u"Unable to load file : {0} : Unknown file format. Supported file endings is [.json, .yaml, .yml]")
+
+                    for key in data.keys():
+                        if key in schema_data.keys():
+                            raise CoreError(u"Parsed key : {0} : two times in schema files...".format(key))
+
+                    schema_data = dict(schema_data, **data)
+
+            self.schema = schema_data
+
+        # Nothing was loaded so try the source_data variable
+        if self.source is None:
+            log.debug(u"No source file loaded, trying source data variable")
+            self.source = source_data
+        if self.schema is None:
+            log.debug(u"No schema file loaded, trying schema data variable")
+            self.schema = schema_data
+
+        # Test if anything was loaded
+        if self.source is None:
+            raise CoreError(u"No source file/data was loaded")
+        if self.schema is None:
+            raise CoreError(u"No schema file/data was loaded")
+
+        # Merge any extensions defined in the schema with the provided list of extensions from the cli
+        for f in self.schema.get('extensions', []):
+            self.extensions.append(f)
+
+        if not isinstance(self.extensions, list) and all(isinstance(e, str) for e in self.extensions):
+            raise CoreError(u"Specified extensions must be a list of file paths")
+
+        self._load_extensions()
+
+        if self.strict_rule_validation:
+            log.info("Using strict rule keywords validation...")
+
+    def _load_extensions(self):
+        """
+        Load all extension files into the namespace pykwalify.ext
+        """
+        log.debug(u"loading all extensions : %s", self.extensions)
+
+        self.loaded_extensions = []
+
+        for f in self.extensions:
+            if not os.path.isabs(f):
+                f = os.path.abspath(f)
+
+            if not os.path.exists(f):
+                raise CoreError(u"Extension file: {0} not found on disk".format(f))
+
+            self.loaded_extensions.append(imp.load_source("", f))
+
+        log.debug(self.loaded_extensions)
+        log.debug([dir(m) for m in self.loaded_extensions])
+
+    def validate(self, raise_exception=True):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"starting core")
+
+        self._start_validate(self.source)
+        self.validation_errors = [unicode(error) for error in self.errors]
+        self.validation_errors_exceptions = self.errors
+
+        if self.errors is None or len(self.errors) == 0:
+            log.info(u"validation.valid")
+        else:
+            log.error(u"validation.invalid")
+            log.error(u" --- All found errors ---")
+            log.error(self.validation_errors)
+            if raise_exception:
+                raise SchemaError(u"Schema validation failed:\n - {error_msg}.".format(
+                    error_msg=u'.\n - '.join(self.validation_errors)))
+            else:
+                log.error(u"Errors found but will not raise exception...")
+
+        # Return validated data
+        return self.source
+
+    def _start_validate(self, value=None):
+        """
+        """
+        path = ""
+        self.errors = []
+        done = []
+
+        s = {}
+
+        # Look for schema; tags so they can be parsed before the root rule is parsed
+        for k, v in self.schema.items():
+            if k.startswith("schema;"):
+                log.debug(u"Found partial schema; : %s", v)
+                r = Rule(schema=v)
+                log.debug(u" Partial schema : %s", r)
+                pykwalify.partial_schemas[k.split(";", 1)[1]] = r
+            else:
+                # readd all items that is not schema; so they can be parsed
+                s[k] = v
+
+        self.schema = s
+
+        log.debug(u"Building root rule object")
+        root_rule = Rule(schema=self.schema)
+        self.root_rule = root_rule
+        log.debug(u"Done building root rule")
+        log.debug(u"Root rule: %s", self.root_rule)
+
+        self._validate(value, root_rule, path, done)
+
+    def _validate(self, value, rule, path, done):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Core validate")
+        log.debug(u" Root validate : Rule: %s", rule)
+        log.debug(u" Root validate : Rule_type: %s", rule.type)
+        log.debug(u" Root validate : Seq: %s", rule.sequence)
+        log.debug(u" Root validate : Map: %s", rule.mapping)
+        log.debug(u" Root validate : Done: %s", done)
+
+        if rule.required and value is None and not rule.type == 'none':
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"required.novalue : '{path}'",
+                path=path,
+                value=value.encode('unicode_escape') if value else value,
+            ))
+            return
+
+        if not rule.nullable and value is None and not rule.type == 'none':
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"nullable.novalue : '{path}'",
+                path=path,
+                value=value.encode('unicode_escape') if value else value,
+            ))
+            return
+
+        log.debug(u" ? ValidateRule: %s", rule)
+        if rule.include_name is not None:
+            self._validate_include(value, rule, path, done=None)
+        elif rule.sequence is not None:
+            self._validate_sequence(value, rule, path, done=None)
+        elif rule.mapping is not None or rule.allowempty_map:
+            self._validate_mapping(value, rule, path, done=None)
+        else:
+            self._validate_scalar(value, rule, path, done=None)
+
+    def _handle_func(self, value, rule, path, done=None):
+        """
+        Helper function that should check if func is specified for this rule and
+        then handle it for all cases in a generic way.
+        """
+        func = rule.func
+
+        # func keyword is not defined so nothing to do
+        if not func:
+            return
+
+        found_method = False
+
+        for extension in self.loaded_extensions:
+            method = getattr(extension, func, None)
+            if method:
+                found_method = True
+
+                # No exception will should be caught. If one is raised it should bubble up all the way.
+                ret = method(value, rule, path)
+
+                # If False or None or some other object that is interpreted as False
+                if not ret:
+                    raise CoreError(u"Error when running extension function : {0}".format(func))
+
+                # Only run the first matched function. Sinc loading order is determined
+                # it should be easy to determine which file is used before others
+                break
+
+        if not found_method:
+            raise CoreError(u"Did not find method '{0}' in any loaded extension file".format(func))
+
+    def _validate_include(self, value, rule, path, done=None):
+        """
+        """
+        # TODO: It is difficult to get a good test case to trigger this if case
+        if rule.include_name is None:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u'Include name not valid',
+                path=path,
+                value=value.encode('unicode_escape')))
+            return
+        include_name = rule.include_name
+        partial_schema_rule = pykwalify.partial_schemas.get(include_name)
+        if not partial_schema_rule:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Cannot find partial schema with name '{include_name}'. Existing partial schemas: '{existing_schemas}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                path=path,
+                value=value,
+                include_name=include_name,
+                existing_schemas=", ".join(sorted(pykwalify.partial_schemas.keys()))))
+            return
+
+        self._validate(value, partial_schema_rule, path, done)
+
+    def _validate_sequence(self, value, rule, path, done=None):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Core Validate sequence")
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : Data: %s", value)
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : Rule: %s", rule)
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : RuleType: %s", rule.type)
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : Path: %s", path)
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : Seq: %s", rule.sequence)
+        log.debug(u" Sequence : Map: %s", rule.mapping)
+
+        if len(rule.sequence) <= 0:
+            raise CoreError(u"Sequence must contains atleast one item : {0}".format(path))
+
+        if value is None:
+            log.debug(u" * Core seq: sequence data is None")
+            return
+
+        if not isinstance(value, list):
+            if isinstance(value, str):
+                value = value.encode('unicode_escape')
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                u"Value '{value}' is not a list. Value path: '{path}'",
+                path,
+                value,
+            ))
+            return
+
+        # Handle 'func' argument on this sequence
+        self._handle_func(value, rule, path, done)
+
+        ok_values = []
+        error_tracker = []
+
+        unique_errors = {}
+        map_unique_errors = {}
+
+        for i, item in enumerate(value):
+            processed = []
+
+            for r in rule.sequence:
+                tmp_errors = []
+
+                try:
+                    # Create a sub core object to enable error tracking that do not
+                    #  collide with this Core objects errors
+                    tmp_core = Core(source_data={}, schema_data={})
+                    tmp_core.fix_ruby_style_regex = self.fix_ruby_style_regex
+                    tmp_core.allow_assertions = self.allow_assertions
+                    tmp_core.strict_rule_validation = self.strict_rule_validation
+                    tmp_core.loaded_extensions = self.loaded_extensions
+                    tmp_core._validate(item, r, "{0}/{1}".format(path, i), done)
+                    tmp_errors = tmp_core.errors
+                except NotMappingError:
+                    # For example: If one type was specified as 'map' but data
+                    # was 'str' a exception will be thrown but we should ignore it
+                    pass
+                except NotSequenceError:
+                    # For example: If one type was specified as 'seq' but data
+                    # was 'str' a exception will be thrown but we shold ignore it
+                    pass
+
+                processed.append(tmp_errors)
+
+                if r.type == "map":
+                    log.debug(u" * Found map inside sequence")
+                    unique_keys = []
+
+                    if r.mapping is None:
+                        log.debug(u" + No rule to apply, prolly because of allowempty: True")
+                        return
+
+                    for k, _rule in r.mapping.items():
+                        log.debug(u" * Key: %s", k)
+                        log.debug(u" * Rule: %s", _rule)
+
+                        if _rule.unique or _rule.ident:
+                            unique_keys.append(k)
+
+                    if len(unique_keys) > 0:
+                        for v in unique_keys:
+                            table = {}
+                            for j, V in enumerate(value):
+                                # If key do not exists it should be ignored by unique because that is not a broken constraint
+                                val = V.get(v, None)
+
+                                if val is None:
+                                    continue
+
+                                if val in table:
+                                    curr_path = "{0}/{1}/{2}".format(path, j, v)
+                                    prev_path = "{0}/{1}/{2}".format(path, table[val], v)
+                                    s = SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                                        msg=u"Value '{duplicate}' is not unique. Previous path: '{prev_path}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                                        path=curr_path,
+                                        value=value,
+                                        duplicate=val,
+                                        prev_path=prev_path,
+                                    )
+                                    map_unique_errors[s.__repr__()] = s
+                                else:
+                                    table[val] = j
+                elif r.unique:
+                    log.debug(u" * Found unique value in sequence")
+                    table = {}
+
+                    for j, val in enumerate(value):
+                        if val is None:
+                            continue
+
+                        if val in table:
+                            curr_path = "{0}/{1}".format(path, j)
+                            prev_path = "{0}/{1}".format(path, table[val])
+                            s = SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                                msg=u"Value '{duplicate}' is not unique. Previous path: '{prev_path}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                                path=curr_path,
+                                value=value,
+                                duplicate=val,
+                                prev_path=prev_path,
+                            )
+                            unique_errors[s.__repr__()] = s
+                        else:
+                            table[val] = j
+
+            error_tracker.append(processed)
+            no_errors = []
+            for _errors in processed:
+                no_errors.append(len(_errors) == 0)
+
+            if rule.matching == "any":
+                log.debug(u" * any rule %s", True in no_errors)
+                ok_values.append(True in no_errors)
+            elif rule.matching == "all":
+                log.debug(u" * all rule".format(all(no_errors)))
+                ok_values.append(all(no_errors))
+            elif rule.matching == "*":
+                log.debug(u" * star rule", "...")
+                ok_values.append(True)
+
+        for _error in unique_errors:
+            self.errors.append(_error)
+
+        for _error in map_unique_errors:
+            self.errors.append(_error)
+
+        log.debug(u" * ok : %s", ok_values)
+
+        # All values must pass the validation, otherwise add the parsed errors
+        # to the global error list and throw up some error.
+        if not all(ok_values):
+            # Ignore checking for '*' type because it should allways go through
+            if rule.matching == "any":
+                log.debug(u" * Value: %s did not validate against one or more sequence schemas", value)
+            elif rule.matching == "all":
+                log.debug(u" * Value: %s did not validate against all possible sequence schemas", value)
+
+            for i, is_ok in enumerate(ok_values):
+                if not is_ok:
+                    for error in error_tracker[i]:
+                        for e in error:
+                            self.errors.append(e)
+
+        log.debug(u" * Core seq: validation recursivley done...")
+
+        if rule.range is not None:
+            rr = rule.range
+
+            self._validate_range(
+                rr.get("max"),
+                rr.get("min"),
+                rr.get("max-ex"),
+                rr.get("min-ex"),
+                len(value),
+                path,
+                "seq",
+            )
+
+    def _validate_mapping(self, value, rule, path, done=None):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Validate mapping")
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : Data: %s", value)
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : Rule: %s", rule)
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : RuleType: %s", rule.type)
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : Path: %s", path)
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : Seq: %s", rule.sequence)
+        log.debug(u" Mapping : Map: %s", rule.mapping)
+
+        if not isinstance(value, dict):
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                u"Value '{value}' is not a dict. Value path: '{path}'",
+                path,
+                value,
+            ))
+            return
+
+        if rule.mapping is None:
+            log.debug(u" + No rule to apply, prolly because of allowempty: True")
+            return
+
+        # Handle 'func' argument on this mapping
+        self._handle_func(value, rule, path, done)
+
+        m = rule.mapping
+        log.debug(u"   Mapping: Rule-Mapping: %s", m)
+
+        if rule.range is not None:
+            r = rule.range
+
+            self._validate_range(
+                r.get("max"),
+                r.get("min"),
+                r.get("max-ex"),
+                r.get("min-ex"),
+                len(value),
+                path,
+                "map",
+            )
+
+        for k, rr in m.items():
+            # Handle if the value of the key contains a include keyword
+            if rr.include_name is not None:
+                include_name = rr.include_name
+                partial_schema_rule = pykwalify.partial_schemas.get(include_name)
+
+                if not partial_schema_rule:
+                    self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                        msg=u"Cannot find partial schema with name '{include_name}'. Existing partial schemas: '{existing_schemas}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                        path=path,
+                        value=value,
+                        include_name=include_name,
+                        existing_schemas=", ".join(sorted(pykwalify.partial_schemas.keys()))))
+                    return
+
+                rr = partial_schema_rule
+
+            # Find out if this is a regex rule
+            is_regex_rule = False
+            required_regex = ""
+            for regex_rule in rule.regex_mappings:
+                if k == "regex;({})".format(regex_rule.map_regex_rule) or k == "re;({})".format(regex_rule.map_regex_rule):
+                    is_regex_rule = True
+                    required_regex = regex_rule.map_regex_rule
+
+            # Check for the presense of the required key
+            is_present = False
+            if not is_regex_rule:
+                is_present = k in value
+            else:
+                is_present = any([re.search(required_regex, v) for v in value])
+
+            # Specifying =: as key is considered the "default" if no other keys match
+            if rr.required and not is_present and k != "=":
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Cannot find required key '{key}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=value,
+                    key=k))
+            if k not in value and rr.default is not None:
+                value[k] = rr.default
+
+        for k, v in value.items():
+            # If no other case was a match, check if a default mapping is valid/present and use
+            # that one instead
+            r = m.get(k, m.get('='))
+            log.debug(u"  Mapping-value : %s", m)
+            log.debug(u"  Mapping-value : %s %s", k, v)
+            log.debug(u"  Mapping-value : %s", r)
+
+            regex_mappings = [(regex_rule, re.search(regex_rule.map_regex_rule, str(k))) for regex_rule in rule.regex_mappings]
+            log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Mapping Regex matches: %s", regex_mappings)
+
+            if r is not None:
+                # validate recursively
+                log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Core Map: validate recursively: %s", r)
+                self._validate(v, r, u"{0}/{1}".format(path, k), done)
+            elif any(regex_mappings):
+                sub_regex_result = []
+
+                # Found at least one that matches a mapping regex
+                for mm in regex_mappings:
+                    if mm[1]:
+                        log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Matching regex patter: %s", mm[0])
+                        self._validate(v, mm[0], "{0}/{1}".format(path, k), done)
+                        sub_regex_result.append(True)
+                    else:
+                        sub_regex_result.append(False)
+
+                if rule.matching_rule == "any":
+                    if any(sub_regex_result):
+                        log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Matched at least one regex")
+                    else:
+                        log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: No regex matched")
+                        self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                            msg=u"Key '{key}' does not match any regex '{regex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                            path=path,
+                            value=value,
+                            key=k,
+                            regex="' or '".join(sorted([mm[0].map_regex_rule for mm in regex_mappings]))))
+                elif rule.matching_rule == "all":
+                    if all(sub_regex_result):
+                        log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Matched all regex rules")
+                    else:
+                        log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: Did not match all regex rules")
+                        self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                            msg=u"Key '{key}' does not match all regex '{regex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                            path=path,
+                            value=value,
+                            key=k,
+                            regex="' and '".join(sorted([mm[0].map_regex_rule for mm in regex_mappings]))))
+                else:
+                    log.debug(u"  Mapping-value: No mapping rule defined")
+            else:
+                if not rule.allowempty_map:
+                    self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                        msg=u"Key '{key}' was not defined. Path: '{path}'",
+                        path=path,
+                        value=value,
+                        key=k))
+
+    def _validate_scalar(self, value, rule, path, done=None):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Validate scalar")
+        log.debug(u" Scalar : Value : %s", value)
+        log.debug(u" Scalar : Rule :  %s", rule)
+        log.debug(u" Scalar : RuleType : %s", rule.type)
+        log.debug(u" Scalar : Path %s", path)
+
+        # Handle 'func' argument on this scalar
+        self._handle_func(value, rule, path, done)
+
+        if rule.assertion is not None:
+            self._validate_assert(rule, value, path)
+
+        if value is None:
+            return True
+
+        if rule.enum is not None and value not in rule.enum:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Enum '{value}' does not exist. Path: '{path}'",
+                path=path,
+                value=nativestr(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+            ))
+
+        # Set default value
+        if rule.default and value is None:
+            value = rule.default
+
+        if not self._validate_scalar_type(value, rule.type, path):
+            return
+
+        if value is None:
+            return
+
+        if rule.pattern is not None:
+            #
+            # Try to trim away the surrounding slashes around ruby style /<regex>/ if they are defined.
+            # This is a quirk from ruby that they define regex patterns with surrounding slashes.
+            # Docs on how ruby regex works can be found here: https://ruby-doc.org/core-2.4.0/Regexp.html
+            # The original ruby implementation uses this code to validate patterns
+            #   unless value.to_s =~ rule.regexp
+            # Becuase python do not work with surrounding slashes we have to trim them away in order to make the regex work
+            #
+            if rule.pattern.startswith('/') and rule.pattern.endswith('/') and self.fix_ruby_style_regex:
+                rule.pattern = rule.pattern[1:-1]
+                log.debug("Trimming slashes around ruby style regex. New pattern value: '{0}'".format(rule.pattern))
+
+            try:
+                log.debug("Matching pattern '{0}' to regex '{1}".format(rule.pattern, value))
+                res = re.match(rule.pattern, value, re.UNICODE)
+            except TypeError:
+                res = None
+
+            if res is None:  # Not matching
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Value '{value}' does not match pattern '{pattern}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(str(value)),
+                    pattern=rule._pattern))
+            else:
+                log.debug("Pattern matched...")
+
+        if rule.range is not None:
+            if not is_scalar(value):
+                raise CoreError(u"value is not a valid scalar")
+
+            r = rule.range
+
+            try:
+                v = len(value)
+                value = v
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+            self._validate_range(
+                r.get("max"),
+                r.get("min"),
+                r.get("max-ex"),
+                r.get("min-ex"),
+                value,
+                path,
+                "scalar",
+            )
+
+        if rule.length is not None:
+            self._validate_length(
+                rule.length,
+                value,
+                path,
+                'scalar',
+            )
+
+        # Validate timestamp
+        if rule.type == "timestamp":
+            self._validate_scalar_timestamp(value, path)
+
+        if rule.type == "date":
+            if not is_scalar(value):
+                raise CoreError(u'value is not a valid scalar')
+            date_format = rule.format
+            self._validate_scalar_date(value, date_format, path)
+
+    def _validate_scalar_timestamp(self, timestamp_value, path):
+        """
+        """
+        def _check_int_timestamp_boundaries(timestamp):
+            """
+            """
+            if timestamp < 1:
+                # Timestamp integers can't be negative
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Integer value of timestamp can't be below 0",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=timestamp,
+                    timestamp=str(timestamp),
+                ))
+            if timestamp > 2147483647:
+                # Timestamp integers can't be above the upper limit of
+                # 32 bit integers
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Integer value of timestamp can't be above 2147483647",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=timestamp,
+                    timestamp=str(timestamp),
+                ))
+
+        if isinstance(timestamp_value, (int, float)):
+            _check_int_timestamp_boundaries(timestamp_value)
+        elif isinstance(timestamp_value, datetime.datetime):
+            # Datetime objects currently have nothing to validate.
+            # In the future, more options will be added to datetime validation
+            pass
+        elif isinstance(timestamp_value, basestring):
+            v = timestamp_value.strip()
+
+            # parse("") will give a valid date but it should not be
+            # considered a valid timestamp
+            if v == "":
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Timestamp value is empty. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(timestamp_value),
+                    timestamp=nativestr(timestamp_value)))
+            else:
+                # A string can contain a valid unit timestamp integer. Check if it is valid and validate it
+                try:
+                    int_v = int(v)
+                    _check_int_timestamp_boundaries(int_v)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # Just continue to parse it as a timestamp
+                    try:
+                        parse(timestamp_value)
+                        # If it can be parsed then it is valid
+                    except Exception:
+                        self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                            msg=u"Timestamp: '{timestamp}'' is invalid. Path: '{path}'",
+                            path=path,
+                            value=nativestr(timestamp_value),
+                            timestamp=nativestr(timestamp_value)))
+        else:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Not a valid timestamp",
+                path=path,
+                value=timestamp_value,
+                timestamp=timestamp_value,
+            ))
+
+    def _validate_scalar_date(self, date_value, date_formats, path):
+        log.debug(u"Validate date : %(value)s : %(format)s : %(path)s" % {
+            'value': date_value,
+            'format': date_formats,
+            'path': path,
+        })
+
+        if isinstance(date_value, str):
+            # If a date_format is specefied then use strptime on all formats
+            # If no date_format is specefied then use dateutils.parse() to test the value
+            log.debug(date_formats)
+
+            if date_formats:
+                # Run through all date_formats and it is valid if atleast one of them passed time.strptime() parsing
+                valid = False
+                for date_format in date_formats:
+                    try:
+                        time.strptime(date_value, date_format)
+                        valid = True
+                    except ValueError:
+                        pass
+
+                if not valid:
+                    self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                        msg=u"Not a valid date: {value} format: {format}. Path: '{path}'",
+                        path=path,
+                        value=date_value,
+                        format=date_format,
+                    ))
+                    return
+            else:
+                try:
+                    parse(date_value)
+                except ValueError:
+                    self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                        msg=u"Not a valid date: {value} Path: '{path}'",
+                        path=path,
+                        value=date_value,
+                    ))
+        elif isinstance(date_value, (datetime.date, datetime.datetime)):
+            # If the object already is a datetime or date object it passes validation
+            pass
+        else:
+            # If value is any other type then raise error
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Not a valid date: {value} date must be a string or a datetime.date not a '{type}'",
+                path=path,
+                value=date_value,
+                type=type(date_value).__name__,
+            ))
+
+    def _validate_length(self, rule, value, path, prefix):
+        if not is_string(value):
+            raise CoreError("Value: '{0}' must be a 'str' type for length check to work".format(value))
+
+        value_length = len(str(value))
+        max_, min_, max_ex, min_ex = rule.get('max'), rule.get('min'), rule.get('max-ex'), rule.get('min-ex')
+
+        log.debug(
+            u"Validate length : %s : %s : %s : %s : %s : %s",
+            max, min, max_ex, min_ex, value, path,
+        )
+
+        if max_ is not None and max_ < value_length:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Value: '{value_str}' has length of '{value}', greater than max limit '{max_}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                value_str=value,
+                path=path,
+                value=len(value),
+                prefix=prefix,
+                max_=max_))
+
+        if min_ is not None and min_ > value_length:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Value: '{value_str}' has length of '{value}', greater than min limit '{min_}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                value_str=value,
+                path=path,
+                value=len(value),
+                prefix=prefix,
+                min_=min_))
+
+        if max_ex is not None and max_ex <= value_length:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Value: '{value_str}' has length of '{value}', greater than max_ex limit '{max_ex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                value_str=value,
+                path=path,
+                value=len(value),
+                prefix=prefix,
+                max_ex=max_ex))
+
+        if min_ex is not None and min_ex >= value_length:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Value: '{value_str}' has length of '{value}', greater than min_ex limit '{min_ex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                value_str=value,
+                path=path,
+                value=len(value),
+                prefix=prefix,
+                min_ex=min_ex))
+
+    def _validate_assert(self, rule, value, path):
+        if not self.allow_assertions:
+            raise CoreError('To allow usage of keyword "assert" you must use cli flag "--allow-assertions" or set the keyword "allow_assert" in Core class')
+
+        # Small hack to make strings work as a value.
+        if isinstance(value, str):
+            assert_value_str = '"{0}"'.format(value)
+        else:
+            assert_value_str = '{0}'.format(value)
+
+        assertion_string = "val = {0}; assert {1}".format(assert_value_str, rule.assertion)
+        try:
+            exec(assertion_string, {}, {})
+        except AssertionError:
+            self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' assertion expression failed ({1})".format(value, rule.assertion),
+                path=path,
+                value=value,
+            ))
+            return
+        except Exception as err:
+            error_class = err.__class__.__name__
+            detail = err.args[0]
+            cl, exc, tb = sys.exc_info()
+            line_number = traceback.extract_tb(tb)[-1][1]
+            raise Exception("Unknown error during assertion\n{0}\n{1}\n{2}\n{3}\n{4}\n{5}".format(
+                error_class, detail, cl, exc, tb, line_number,
+            ))
+
+    def _validate_range(self, max_, min_, max_ex, min_ex, value, path, prefix):
+        """
+        Validate that value is within range values.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(value, int) and not isinstance(value, float):
+            raise CoreError("Value must be a integer type")
+
+        log.debug(
+            u"Validate range : %s : %s : %s : %s : %s : %s",
+            max_,
+            min_,
+            max_ex,
+            min_ex,
+            value,
+            path,
+        )
+
+        if max_ is not None and max_ < value:
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Type '{prefix}' has size of '{value}', greater than max limit '{max_}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+                    prefix=prefix,
+                    max_=max_))
+
+        if min_ is not None and min_ > value:
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Type '{prefix}' has size of '{value}', less than min limit '{min_}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+                    prefix=prefix,
+                    min_=min_))
+
+        if max_ex is not None and max_ex <= value:
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Type '{prefix}' has size of '{value}', greater than or equals to max limit(exclusive) '{max_ex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+                    prefix=prefix,
+                    max_ex=max_ex))
+
+        if min_ex is not None and min_ex >= value:
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Type '{prefix}' has size of '{value}', less than or equals to min limit(exclusive) '{min_ex}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=nativestr(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+                    prefix=prefix,
+                    min_ex=min_ex))
+
+    def _validate_scalar_type(self, value, t, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u" # Core scalar: validating scalar type : %s", t)
+        log.debug(u" # Core scalar: scalar type: %s", type(value))
+
+        try:
+            if not tt[t](value):
+                self.errors.append(SchemaError.SchemaErrorEntry(
+                    msg=u"Value '{value}' is not of type '{scalar_type}'. Path: '{path}'",
+                    path=path,
+                    value=unicode(value) if tt['str'](value) else value,
+                    scalar_type=t))
+                return False
+            return True
+        except KeyError as e:
+            # Type not found in valid types mapping
+            log.debug(e)
+            raise CoreError(u"Unknown type check: {0!s} : {1!s} : {2!s}".format(path, value, t))
diff --git a/pykwalify/errors.py b/pykwalify/errors.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9f9b54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/errors.py
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pyKwalify - errors.py """
+
+# python stdlib
+from pykwalify.compat import basestring
+
+retcodes = {
+    # PyKwalifyExit
+    0: 'noerror',
+
+    # UnknownError
+    1: 'unknownerror',
+
+    # SchemaError
+    # e.g. when a rule or the core finds an error
+    2: 'schemaerror',
+
+    # CoreError
+    # e.g. when the core finds an error that is not a SchemaError
+    3: 'coreerror',
+
+    # RuleError
+    # e.g. when the rule class finds an error that is not a SchemaError, similar to CoreError
+    4: 'ruleerror',
+
+    # SchemaConflict
+    # e.g. when a schema conflict occurs
+    5: 'schemaconflict',
+
+    # NotMappingError
+    # e.g. when a value is not a mapping when it was expected it should be
+    6: 'notmaperror',
+
+    # NotSequenceError
+    # e.g. when a value is not a sequence when it was expected it should be
+    7: 'notsequenceerror',
+}
+
+
+retnames = dict((v, k) for (k, v) in retcodes.items())
+
+
+class PyKwalifyException(RuntimeError):
+    """
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, msg=None, error_key=None, retcode=None, path=None):
+        """
+        Arguments:
+        - `msg`: a string
+        - `error_key`: a unique string that makes it easier to identify what error it is
+        - `retcode`: an integer, defined in PyKwalify.errors.retcodes
+        """
+        self.msg = msg or ""
+        self.retcode = retcode or retnames['unknownerror']
+        self.retname = retcodes[retcode]
+        self.error_key = error_key
+        self.path = path or "/"
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        """
+        """
+        # <PyKwalifyException msg='foo bar' retcode=1>
+        # kwargs = []
+        # if self.msg:
+        #        kwargs.append("msg='{0}'".format(self.msg))
+        # if self.retcode != retnames['noerror']:
+        #        kwargs.append("retcode=%d" % self.retcode)
+        # if kwargs:
+        #        kwargs.insert(0, '')
+        # return "<{0}{1}>".format(self.__class__.__name__, ' '.join(kwargs))
+
+        # <PyKwalifyException: error code 1: foo bar>
+        kwargs = []
+        if self.retcode != retnames['noerror']:
+            kwargs.append("error code {0}".format(self.retcode))
+        if self.msg:
+            kwargs.append(self.msg)
+        if kwargs:
+            kwargs.insert(0, '')
+        if self.path:
+            kwargs.append("Path: '{0}'".format(self.path))
+        return "<{0}{1}>".format(self.__class__.__name__, ': '.join(kwargs))
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        """
+        """
+        kwargs = []
+        if self.msg:
+            kwargs.append("msg='{0}'".format(self.msg))
+        return "{0}({1})".format(self.__class__.__name__, ', '.join(kwargs))
+
+    def msg():
+        doc = """ """
+
+        def fget(self):
+            return self._msg
+
+        def fset(self, value):
+            assert isinstance(value, basestring), "argument is not string"
+            self._msg = value
+
+        return locals()
+    msg = property(**msg())
+
+    def retcode():
+        doc = """ """
+
+        def fget(self):
+            return self._retcode
+
+        def fset(self, value):
+            assert isinstance(value, int), "argument is not integer"
+            self._retcode = value
+
+        return locals()
+    retcode = property(**retcode())
+
+    def retname():
+        doc = """ """
+
+        def fget(self):
+            return self._retname
+
+        def fset(self, value):
+            assert isinstance(value, str), "argument is not string"
+            self._retname = value
+
+        return locals()
+    retname = property(**retname())
+
+
+class UnknownError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert 'retcode' not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames['unknownerror'],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class SchemaError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    class SchemaErrorEntry(object):
+        """
+        """
+        def __init__(self, msg, path, value, **kwargs):
+            """
+            """
+            self.msg = msg
+            self.path = path
+            self.value = value
+            for key, value in kwargs.items():
+                self.__setattr__(key, value)
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            return self.msg.format(**self.__dict__)
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames["schemaerror"],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class CoreError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames["coreerror"],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class NotMappingError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames['notmaperror'],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class NotSequenceError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames['notsequenceerror'],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class RuleError(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames["ruleerror"],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
+
+
+class SchemaConflict(PyKwalifyException):
+    """
+    """
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        """
+        assert "retcode" not in kwargs, "keyword retcode implicitly defined"
+        super(self.__class__, self).__init__(
+            retcode=retnames["schemaconflict"],
+            *args, **kwargs
+        )
diff --git a/pykwalify/rule.py b/pykwalify/rule.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ac2c9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/rule.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1358 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pyKwalify - rule.py """
+
+# python stdlib
+import logging
+import re
+
+# pykwalify imports
+from pykwalify.compat import basestring
+from pykwalify.errors import SchemaConflict, RuleError
+from pykwalify.types import (
+    DEFAULT_TYPE,
+    is_bool,
+    is_builtin_type,
+    is_collection_type,
+    is_number,
+    is_string,
+    mapping_aliases,
+    sequence_aliases,
+    type_class,
+)
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class Rule(object):
+    """ Rule class that handles a rule constraint """
+
+    def __init__(self, schema=None, parent=None, strict_rule_validation=False):
+        self._allowempty_map = None
+        self._assertion = None
+        self._default = None
+        self._desc = None
+        self._enum = None
+        self._example = None
+        self._extensions = None
+        self._format = None
+        self._func = None
+        self._ident = None
+        self._include_name = None
+        self._length = None
+        self._map_regex_rule = None
+        self._mapping = None
+        # Possible values: [any, all, *]
+        self._matching = "any"
+        self._matching_rule = "any"
+        self._name = None
+        self._nullable = True
+        self._parent = parent
+        self._pattern = None
+        self._pattern_regexp = None
+        self._range = None
+        self._regex_mappings = None
+        self._required = False
+        self._schema = schema
+        self._schema_str = schema
+        self._sequence = None
+        self.strict_rule_validation = strict_rule_validation
+        self._type = None
+        self._type_class = None
+        self._unique = None
+        self._version = None
+
+        if isinstance(schema, dict):
+            self.init(schema, "")
+
+    @property
+    def allowempty_map(self):
+        return self._allowempty_map
+
+    @allowempty_map.setter
+    def allowempty_map(self, value):
+        self._allowempty_map = value
+
+    @property
+    def assertion(self):
+        return self._assertion
+
+    @assertion.setter
+    def assertion(self, value):
+        self._assertion = value
+
+    @property
+    def default(self):
+        return self._default
+
+    @default.setter
+    def default(self, value):
+        self._default = value
+
+    @property
+    def desc(self):
+        return self._desc
+
+    @desc.setter
+    def desc(self, value):
+        self._desc = value
+
+    @property
+    def enum(self):
+        return self._enum
+
+    @enum.setter
+    def enum(self, value):
+        self._enum = value
+
+    @property
+    def example(self):
+        return self._example
+
+    @example.setter
+    def example(self, value):
+        self._example = value
+
+    @property
+    def extensions(self):
+        return self._extensions
+
+    @extensions.setter
+    def extensions(self, value):
+        self._extensions = value
+
+    @property
+    def format(self):
+        return self._format
+
+    @format.setter
+    def format(self, value):
+        self._format = value
+
+    @property
+    def func(self):
+        return self._func
+
+    @func.setter
+    def func(self, value):
+        self._func = value
+
+    @property
+    def ident(self):
+        return self._ident
+
+    @ident.setter
+    def ident(self, value):
+        self._ident = value
+
+    @property
+    def include_name(self):
+        return self._include_name
+
+    @include_name.setter
+    def include_name(self, value):
+        self._include_name = value
+
+    @property
+    def length(self):
+        return self._length
+
+    @length.setter
+    def length(self, value):
+        self._length = value
+
+    @property
+    def map_regex_rule(self):
+        return self._map_regex_rule
+
+    @map_regex_rule.setter
+    def map_regex_rule(self, value):
+        self._map_regex_rule = value
+
+    @property
+    def mapping(self):
+        return self._mapping
+
+    @mapping.setter
+    def mapping(self, value):
+        self._mapping = value
+
+    @property
+    def matching(self):
+        return self._matching
+
+    @matching.setter
+    def matching(self, value):
+        self._matching = value
+
+    @property
+    def matching_rule(self):
+        return self._matching_rule
+
+    @matching_rule.setter
+    def matching_rule(self, value):
+        self._matching_rule = value
+
+    @property
+    def name(self):
+        return self._name
+
+    @name.setter
+    def name(self, value):
+        self._name = value
+
+    @property
+    def nullable(self):
+        return self._nullable
+
+    @nullable.setter
+    def nullable(self, value):
+        self._nullable = value
+
+    @property
+    def parent(self):
+        return self._parent
+
+    @parent.setter
+    def parent(self, value):
+        self._parent = value
+
+    @property
+    def pattern(self):
+        return self._pattern
+
+    @pattern.setter
+    def pattern(self, value):
+        self._pattern = value
+
+    @property
+    def pattern_regexp(self):
+        return self._pattern_regexp
+
+    @pattern_regexp.setter
+    def pattern_regexp(self, value):
+        self._pattern_regexp = value
+
+    @property
+    def range(self):
+        return self._range
+
+    @range.setter
+    def range(self, value):
+        self._range = value
+
+    @property
+    def regex_mappings(self):
+        return self._regex_mappings
+
+    @regex_mappings.setter
+    def regex_mappings(self, value):
+        self._regex_mappings = value
+
+    @property
+    def required(self):
+        return self._required
+
+    @required.setter
+    def required(self, value):
+        self._required = value
+
+    @property
+    def schema(self):
+        return self._schema
+
+    @schema.setter
+    def schema(self, value):
+        self._schema = value
+
+    @property
+    def schema_str(self):
+        return self._schema_str
+
+    @schema_str.setter
+    def schema_str(self, value):
+        self._schema_str = value
+
+    @property
+    def sequence(self):
+        return self._sequence
+
+    @sequence.setter
+    def sequence(self, value):
+        self._sequence = value
+
+    @property
+    def type(self):
+        return self._type
+
+    @type.setter
+    def type(self, value):
+        self._type = value
+
+    @property
+    def type_class(self):
+        return self._type_class
+
+    @type_class.setter
+    def type_class(self, value):
+        self._type_class = value
+
+    @property
+    def unique(self):
+        return self._unique
+
+    @unique.setter
+    def unique(self, value):
+        self._unique = value
+
+    @property
+    def version(self):
+        return self._version
+
+    @version.setter
+    def version(self, value):
+        self._version = value
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return "Rule: {0}".format(str(self.schema_str))
+
+    def keywords(self):
+        """
+        Returns a list of all keywords that this rule object has defined.
+        A keyword is considered defined if the value it returns != None.
+        """
+        defined_keywords = [
+            ('allowempty_map', 'allowempty_map'),
+            ('assertion', 'assertion'),
+            ('default', 'default'),
+            ('class', 'class'),
+            ('desc', 'desc'),
+            ('enum', 'enum'),
+            ('example', 'example'),
+            ('extensions', 'extensions'),
+            ('format', 'format'),
+            ('func', 'func'),
+            ('ident', 'ident'),
+            ('include_name', 'include'),
+            ('length', 'length'),
+            ('map_regex_rule', 'map_regex_rule'),
+            ('mapping', 'mapping'),
+            ('matching', 'matching'),
+            ('matching_rule', 'matching_rule'),
+            ('name', 'name'),
+            ('nullable', 'nullable')
+            ('parent', 'parent'),
+            ('pattern', 'pattern'),
+            ('pattern_regexp', 'pattern_regexp'),
+            ('range', 'range'),
+            ('regex_mappings', 'regex_mappings'),
+            ('required', 'required'),
+            ('schema', 'schema'),
+            ('schema_str', 'schema_str'),
+            ('sequence', 'sequence'),
+            ('type', 'type'),
+            ('type_class', 'type_class'),
+            ('unique', 'unique'),
+            ('version', 'version'),
+        ]
+        found_keywords = []
+
+        for var_name, keyword_name in defined_keywords:
+            if getattr(self, var_name, None):
+                found_keywords.append(keyword_name)
+
+        return found_keywords
+
+    def init(self, schema, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init schema: %s", schema)
+
+        include = schema.get("include")
+
+        # Check if this item is a include, overwrite schema with include schema and continue to parse
+        if include:
+            log.debug(u"Found include tag...")
+            self.include_name = include
+            return
+
+        t = None
+        rule = self
+
+        if schema is not None:
+            if "type" not in schema:
+                # Mapping and sequence do not need explicit type defenitions
+                if any(sa in schema for sa in sequence_aliases):
+                    t = "seq"
+                    self.init_type_value(t, rule, path)
+                elif any(ma in schema for ma in mapping_aliases):
+                    t = "map"
+                    self.init_type_value(t, rule, path)
+                else:
+                    t = DEFAULT_TYPE
+                    self.type = t
+            else:
+                if not is_string(schema["type"]):
+                    raise RuleError(
+                        msg=u"Key 'type' in schema rule is not a string type (found %s)" % type(schema["type"]).__name__,
+                        error_key=u"type.not_string",
+                        path=path,
+                    )
+
+                self.type = schema["type"]
+
+        self.schema_str = schema
+
+        if not t:
+            t = schema["type"]
+            self.init_type_value(t, rule, path)
+
+        func_mapping = {
+            "allowempty": self.init_allow_empty_map,
+            "assert": self.init_assert_value,
+            "class": lambda x, y, z: (),
+            "default": self.init_default_value,
+            "desc": self.init_desc_value,
+            "enum": self.init_enum_value,
+            "example": self.init_example,
+            "extensions": self.init_extensions,
+            "format": self.init_format_value,
+            "func": self.init_func,
+            "ident": self.init_ident_value,
+            "length": self.init_length_value,
+            "map": self.init_mapping_value,
+            "mapping": self.init_mapping_value,
+            "matching": self.init_matching,
+            "matching-rule": self.init_matching_rule,
+            "name": self.init_name_value,
+            "nul": self.init_nullable_value,
+            "nullable": self.init_nullable_value,
+            "pattern": self.init_pattern_value,
+            "range": self.init_range_value,
+            "req": self.init_required_value,
+            "required": self.init_required_value,
+            "seq": self.init_sequence_value,
+            "sequence": self.init_sequence_value,
+            "type": lambda x, y, z: (),
+            "unique": self.init_unique_value,
+            "version": self.init_version,
+        }
+
+        for k, v in schema.items():
+            if k in func_mapping:
+                func_mapping[k](v, rule, path)
+            elif k.startswith("schema;"):
+                # Schema tag is only allowed on top level of data
+                log.debug(u"Found schema tag...")
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Schema is only allowed on top level of schema file",
+                    error_key=u"schema.not.toplevel",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            else:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Unknown key: {0} found".format(k),
+                    error_key=u"key.unknown",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+        self.check_conflicts(schema, rule, path)
+
+        self.check_type_keywords(schema, rule, path)
+
+    def init_format_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        log.debug(u"Init format value : %s", path)
+
+        if is_string(v):
+            self._format = [v]
+        elif isinstance(v, list):
+            valid = True
+            for date_format in v:
+                if not isinstance(date_format, basestring):
+                    valid = False
+
+            if valid:
+                self._format = v
+            else:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"All values in format list must be strings",
+                    error_key=u"format.not_string",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+        else:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value of format keyword: '{}' must be a string or list or string values".format(v),
+                error_key=u"format.not_string",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        valid_types = ("date", )
+
+        # Format is only supported when used with "type=date"
+        if self._type not in valid_types:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg="Keyword format is only allowed when used with the following types: {0}".format(valid_types),
+                error_key=u"format.not_used_with_correct_type",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_version(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init version value : {0}".format(path))
+
+        self._version = str(v)
+
+    def init_example(self, v, rule, path):
+        log.debug(u'Init example value : {0}'.format(path))
+
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for keyword example must be a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"example.not_string",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.desc = v
+
+    def init_length_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        log.debug(u'Init length value : {0}'.format(path))
+
+        supported_types = ["str", "int", "float", "number", "map", "seq"]
+
+        if not isinstance(v, dict):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Length value is not a dict type: '{0}'".format(v),
+                error_key=u"length.not_map",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if self.type not in supported_types:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Length value type: '{0}' is not a supported type".format(self.type),
+                error_key=u"length.not_supported_type",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # dict that should contain min, max, min-ex, max-ex keys
+        self.length = v
+
+        # This should validate that only min, max, min-ex, max-ex exists in the dict
+        for k, v in self.length.items():
+            if k not in ["max", "min", "max-ex", "min-ex"]:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Unknown key: '{0}' found in length keyword".format(k),
+                    error_key=u"length.unknown_key",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+        if "max" in self.length and "max-ex" in self.length:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"'max' and 'max-ex' can't be used in the same length rule",
+                error_key=u"length.max_duplicate_keywords",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if "min" in self.length and "min-ex" in self.length:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"'min' and 'min-ex' can't be used in the same length rule",
+                error_key=u"length.min_duplicate_keywords",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        max = self.length.get("max")
+        min = self.length.get("min")
+        max_ex = self.length.get("max-ex")
+        min_ex = self.length.get("min-ex")
+
+        if max is not None and not is_number(max) or is_bool(max):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'max' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"length.max.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if min is not None and not is_number(min) or is_bool(min):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'min' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"length.min.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if max_ex is not None and not is_number(max_ex) or is_bool(max_ex):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'max-ex' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"length.max_ex.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if min_ex is not None and not is_number(min_ex) or is_bool(min_ex):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'min-ex' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"length.min_ex.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # only numbers allow negative lengths
+        # string, map and seq require non negative lengtsh
+        if self.type not in ["int", "float", "number"]:
+            if min is not None and min < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'min' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"length.min_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and min_ex < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'min-ex' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"length.min-ex_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            if max is not None and max < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"length.max_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif max_ex is not None and max_ex < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"length.max-ex_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+        if max is not None:
+            if min is not None and max < min:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be less then value for 'min'. {0} < {1}".format(max, min),
+                    error_key=u"length.max_lt_min",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and max <= min_ex:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be less then value for 'min-ex'. {0} <= {1}".format(max, min_ex),
+                    error_key=u"length.max_le_min-ex",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+        elif max_ex is not None:
+            if min is not None and max_ex < min:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be less then value for 'min'. {0} < {1}".format(max_ex, min),
+                    error_key=u"length.max-ex_le_min",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and max_ex <= min_ex:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be less then value for 'min-ex'. {0} <= {1}".format(max_ex, min_ex),
+                    error_key=u"length.max-ex_le_min-ex",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+    def init_func(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for func keyword must be a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"func.notstring",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.func = v
+
+    def init_extensions(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        if not isinstance(v, list):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Extension definition should be a list",
+                error_key=u"extension.not_list",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # TODO: Add limitation that this keyword can only be used at the top level of the file
+
+        self.extensions = v
+
+    def init_matching_rule(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init matching-rule: %s", path)
+        log.debug(u"%s %s", v, rule)
+
+        # Verify that the provided rule is part of one of the allowed one
+        allowed = ["any", "all"]
+        # ["none", "one"] Is currently awaiting proper implementation
+        if v not in allowed:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Specified rule in key: {0} is not part of allowed rule set : {1}".format(v, allowed),
+                error_key=u"matching_rule.not_allowed",
+                path=path,
+            )
+        else:
+            self.matching_rule = v
+
+    def init_allow_empty_map(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init allow empty value: %s", path)
+        log.debug(u"Type: %s : %s", v, rule)
+
+        self.allowempty_map = v
+
+    def init_type_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init type value : %s", path)
+        log.debug(u"Type: %s %s", v, rule)
+
+        if v is None:
+            v = DEFAULT_TYPE
+
+        self.type = v
+        self.type_class = type_class(v)
+
+        if not is_builtin_type(self.type):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Type: {0} is not any of the known types".format(self.type),
+                error_key=u"type.unknown",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_matching(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init matching rule : %s", path)
+
+        valid_values = ["any", "all", "*"]
+
+        if str(v) not in valid_values:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"matching value: {0} is not one of {1}".format(str(v), valid_values),
+                error_key=u"matching_rule.invalid",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.matching = str(v)
+
+    def init_name_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init name value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for keyword name must be a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"name.not_string",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.name = v
+
+    def init_nullable_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init nullable value : %s", path)
+
+        if not isinstance(v, bool):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for nullable keyword must be a boolean".format(v),
+                error_key=u"nullable.not_bool",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.nullable = v
+
+    def init_desc_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init descr value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for keyword desc must be a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"desc.not_string",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.desc = v
+
+    def init_required_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init required value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_bool(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for required keyword must be a boolean".format(v),
+                error_key=u"required.not_bool",
+                path=path,
+            )
+        self.required = v
+
+    def init_pattern_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init pattern value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value of pattern keyword: '{0}' is not a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"pattern.not_string",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.pattern = v
+
+        if self.schema_str["type"] == "map":
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Keyword pattern is not allowed inside map",
+                error_key=u"pattern.not_allowed_in_map",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # TODO: Some form of validation of the regexp? it exists in the source
+
+        try:
+            self.pattern_regexp = re.compile(self.pattern)
+        except Exception:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Syntax error when compiling regex pattern: {0}".format(self.pattern_regexp),
+                error_key=u"pattern.syntax_error",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_enum_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init enum value : %s", path)
+
+        if not isinstance(v, list):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Enum is not a sequence",
+                error_key=u"enum.not_seq",
+                path=path,
+            )
+        self.enum = v
+
+        if is_collection_type(self.type):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Enum is not a scalar",
+                error_key=u"enum.not_scalar",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        lookup = set()
+        for item in v:
+            if not isinstance(item, self.type_class):
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Item: '{0}' in enum is not of correct class type: '{1}'".format(item, self.type_class),
+                    error_key=u"enum.type.unmatch",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if item in lookup:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Duplicate items: '{0}' found in enum".format(item),
+                    error_key=u"enum.duplicate_items",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            lookup.add(item)
+
+    def init_assert_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init assert value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_string(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for keyword 'assert' is not a string".format(v),
+                error_key=u"assert.not_str",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.assertion = v
+
+        if any(k in self.assertion for k in (';', 'import', '__import__')):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{assertion}' contain invalid content that is not allowed to be present in assertion keyword".format(assertion=self.assertion),
+                error_key=u"assert.unsupported_content",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_range_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init range value : %s", path)
+
+        supported_types = ["str", "int", "float", "number", "map", "seq"]
+
+        if not isinstance(v, dict):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Range value is not a dict type: '{0}'".format(v),
+                error_key=u"range.not_map",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if self.type not in supported_types:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Range value type: '{0}' is not a supported type".format(self.type),
+                error_key=u"range.not_supported_type",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # dict that should contain min, max, min-ex, max-ex keys
+        self.range = v
+
+        # This should validate that only min, max, min-ex, max-ex exists in the dict
+        for k, v in self.range.items():
+            if k not in ["max", "min", "max-ex", "min-ex"]:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Unknown key: '{0}' found in range keyword".format(k),
+                    error_key=u"range.unknown_key",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+        if "max" in self.range and "max-ex" in self.range:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"'max' and 'max-ex' can't be used in the same range rule",
+                error_key=u"range.max_duplicate_keywords",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if "min" in self.range and "min-ex" in self.range:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"'min' and 'min-ex' can't be used in the same range rule",
+                error_key=u"range.min_duplicate_keywords",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        max = self.range.get("max")
+        min = self.range.get("min")
+        max_ex = self.range.get("max-ex")
+        min_ex = self.range.get("min-ex")
+
+        if max is not None and not is_number(max) or is_bool(max):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'max' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"range.max.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if min is not None and not is_number(min) or is_bool(min):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'min' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"range.min.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if max_ex is not None and not is_number(max_ex) or is_bool(max_ex):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'max-ex' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"range.max_ex.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if min_ex is not None and not is_number(min_ex) or is_bool(min_ex):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'min-ex' keyword is not a number".format(v),
+                error_key=u"range.min_ex.not_number",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        # only numbers allow negative ranges
+        # string, map and seq require non negative ranges
+        if self.type not in ["int", "float", "number"]:
+            if min is not None and min < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'min' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"range.min_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and min_ex < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'min-ex' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"range.min-ex_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            if max is not None and max < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"range.max_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif max_ex is not None and max_ex < 0:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be negative in case of type {0}.".format(self.type),
+                    error_key=u"range.max-ex_negative",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+        if max is not None:
+            if min is not None and max < min:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be less then value for 'min'. {0} < {1}".format(max, min),
+                    error_key=u"range.max_lt_min",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and max <= min_ex:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max' can't be less then value for 'min-ex'. {0} <= {1}".format(max, min_ex),
+                    error_key=u"range.max_le_min-ex",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+        elif max_ex is not None:
+            if min is not None and max_ex < min:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be less then value for 'min'. {0} < {1}".format(max_ex, min),
+                    error_key=u"range.max-ex_le_min",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+            elif min_ex is not None and max_ex <= min_ex:
+                raise RuleError(
+                    msg=u"Value for 'max-ex' can't be less then value for 'min-ex'. {0} <= {1}".format(max_ex, min_ex),
+                    error_key=u"range.max-ex_le_min-ex",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+    def init_ident_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init ident value : %s", path)
+
+        if v is None or not is_bool(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' of 'ident' is not a boolean value".format(v),
+                error_key=u"ident.not_bool",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.ident = bool(v)
+        self.required = True
+
+        if is_collection_type(self.type):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' of 'ident' is not a scalar value".format(v),
+                error_key=u"ident.not_scalar",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if path == "":
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Keyword 'ident' can't be on root level of schema",
+                error_key=u"ident.not_on_root_level",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if self.parent is None or not self.parent.type == "map":
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Keword 'ident' can't be inside 'map'",
+                error_key=u"ident.not_in_map",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_unique_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init unique value : %s", path)
+
+        if not is_bool(v):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: '{0}' for 'unique' keyword is not boolean".format(v),
+                error_key=u"unique.not_bool",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.unique = v
+
+        if is_collection_type(self.type):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Type of the value: '{0}' for 'unique' keyword is not a scalar type".format(self.type),
+                error_key=u"unique.not_scalar",
+                path=path,
+            )
+        if path == "":
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Keyword 'unique' can't be on root level of schema",
+                error_key=u"unique.not_on_root_level",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def init_sequence_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init sequence value : %s", path)
+
+        if v is not None and not isinstance(v, list):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Sequence keyword is not a list",
+                error_key=u"sequence.not_seq",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.sequence = v
+
+        if self.sequence is None or len(self.sequence) == 0:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Sequence contains 0 elements",
+                error_key=u"sequence.no_elements",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        tmp_seq = []
+
+        for i, e in enumerate(self.sequence):
+            elem = e or {}
+
+            rule = Rule(None, self)
+            rule.init(elem, u"{0}/sequence/{1}".format(path, i))
+
+            tmp_seq.append(rule)
+
+        self.sequence = tmp_seq
+
+        return rule
+
+    def init_mapping_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        # Check for duplicate use of 'map' and 'mapping'
+        if self.mapping:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Keywords 'map' and 'mapping' can't be used on the same level",
+                error_key=u"mapping.duplicate_keywords",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        log.debug(u"Init mapping value : %s", path)
+
+        if v is not None and not isinstance(v, dict):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value for keyword 'map/mapping' is not a dict",
+                error_key=u"mapping.not_dict",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if v is None or len(v) == 0:
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Mapping do not contain any elements",
+                error_key=u"mapping.no_elements",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        self.mapping = {}
+        self.regex_mappings = []
+
+        for k, v in v.items():
+            if v is None:
+                v = {}
+
+            # Check if this is a regex rule. Handle specially
+            if k.startswith("regex;") or k.startswith("re;"):
+                log.debug(u"Found regex map rule")
+                regex = k.split(";", 1)
+                if len(regex) != 2:
+                    raise RuleError(
+                        msg=u"Value: '{0}' for keyword regex is malformed".format(k),
+                        error_key=u"mapping.regex.malformed",
+                        path=path,
+                    )
+                else:
+                    regex = regex[1]
+                    try:
+                        re.compile(regex)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        log.debug(e)
+                        raise RuleError(
+                            msg=u"Unable to compile regex '{0}'".format(regex),
+                            error_key=u"mapping.regex.compile_error",
+                            path=path,
+                        )
+
+                    regex_rule = Rule(None, self)
+                    regex_rule.init(v, u"{0}/mapping;regex/{1}".format(path, regex[1:-1]))
+                    regex_rule.map_regex_rule = regex[1:-1]
+                    self.regex_mappings.append(regex_rule)
+                    self.mapping[k] = regex_rule
+            else:
+                rule = Rule(None, self)
+                rule.init(v, u"{0}/mapping/{1}".format(path, k))
+                self.mapping[k] = rule
+
+        return rule
+
+    def init_default_value(self, v, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Init default value : %s", path)
+        self.default = v
+
+        if is_collection_type(self.type):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for keyword 'default' is not a scalar type".format(v),
+                error_key=u"default.not_scalar",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if self.type == "map" or self.type == "seq":
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Value: {0} for keyword 'default' is not a scalar type".format(v),
+                error_key=u"default.not_scalar",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+        if not isinstance(v, self.type_class):
+            raise RuleError(
+                msg=u"Types do not match: '{0}' --> '{1}'".format(v, self.type_class),
+                error_key=u"default.type.unmatch",
+                path=path,
+            )
+
+    def check_type_keywords(self, schema, rule, path):
+        """
+        All supported keywords:
+         - allowempty_map
+         - assertion
+         - class
+         - date
+         - default
+         - desc
+         - enum
+         - example
+         - extensions
+         - func
+         - ident
+         - include_name
+         - map_regex_rule
+         - mapping
+         - matching
+         - matching_rule
+         - name
+         - nullable
+         - pattern
+         - pattern_regexp
+         - range
+         - regex_mappings
+         - required
+         - schema
+         - sequence
+         - type
+         - type_class
+         - unique
+         - version
+        """
+        if not self.strict_rule_validation:
+            return
+
+        global_keywords = ['type', 'desc', 'example', 'extensions', 'name', 'nullable', 'version', 'func', 'include']
+        all_allowed_keywords = {
+            'str': global_keywords + ['default', 'pattern', 'range', 'enum', 'required', 'unique', 'req'],
+            'int': global_keywords + ['default', 'range', 'enum', 'required', 'unique'],
+            'float': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum', 'range', 'required'],
+            'number': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'bool': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'map': global_keywords + ['allowempty_map', 'mapping', 'map', 'allowempty', 'required', 'matching-rule', 'range', 'class'],
+            'seq': global_keywords + ['sequence', 'seq', 'required', 'range', 'matching'],
+            'sequence': global_keywords + ['sequence', 'seq', 'required'],
+            'mapping': global_keywords + ['mapping', 'seq', 'required'],
+            'timestamp': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'date': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'symbol': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'scalar': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'text': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum', 'pattern'],
+            'any': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'enum': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum'],
+            'none': global_keywords + ['default', 'enum', 'required'],
+        }
+        rule_type = schema.get('type')
+        if not rule_type:
+            # Special cases for the "shortcut methods"
+            if 'sequence' in schema or 'seq' in schema:
+                rule_type = 'sequence'
+            elif 'mapping' in schema or 'map' in schema:
+                rule_type = 'mapping'
+
+        allowed_keywords = all_allowed_keywords.get(rule_type)
+        if not allowed_keywords and 'sequence' not in schema and 'mapping' not in schema and 'seq' not in schema and 'map' not in schema:
+            raise RuleError('No allowed keywords found for type: {0}'.format(rule_type))
+
+        for k, v in schema.items():
+            if k not in allowed_keywords:
+                raise RuleError('Keyword "{0}" is not supported for type: "{1}" '.format(k, rule_type))
+
+    def check_conflicts(self, schema, rule, path):
+        """
+        """
+        log.debug(u"Checking for conflicts : %s", path)
+
+        if self.type == "seq":
+            if all(sa not in schema for sa in sequence_aliases):
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Type is sequence but no sequence alias found on same level",
+                    error_key=u"seq.no_sequence",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.enum is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Sequence and enum can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"seq.conflict.enum",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.pattern is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Sequence and pattern can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"seq.conflict.pattern",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.mapping is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Sequence and mapping can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"seq.conflict.mapping",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+        elif self.type == "map":
+            if all(ma not in schema for ma in mapping_aliases) and not self.allowempty_map:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Type is mapping but no mapping alias found on same level",
+                    error_key=u"map.no_mapping",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.enum is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Mapping and enum can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"map.conflict.enum",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.sequence is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Mapping and sequence can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"map.conflict.sequence",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+        else:
+            if self.sequence is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Scalar and sequence can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"scalar.conflict.sequence",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.mapping is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Scalar and mapping can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"scalar.conflict.mapping",
+                    path=path,
+                )
+
+            if self.enum is not None and self.range is not None:
+                raise SchemaConflict(
+                    msg="Enum and range can't be on the same level in the schema",
+                    error_key=u"enum.conflict.range",
+                    path=path,
+                )
diff --git a/pykwalify/types.py b/pykwalify/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beb33ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pykwalify/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+""" pyKwalify - types.py """
+
+# python stdlib
+import datetime
+from pykwalify.compat import basestring, bytes
+
+DEFAULT_TYPE = "str"
+
+
+class TextMeta(type):
+    def __instancecheck__(self, instance):
+        return is_text(instance)
+
+
+class text(object):
+    __metaclass__ = TextMeta
+
+
+_types = {
+    "str": str,
+    "int": int,
+    "float": float,
+    "number": None,
+    "bool": bool,
+    "map": dict,
+    "seq": list,
+    "timestamp": datetime.datetime,
+    "date": datetime.date,
+    "symbol": str,
+    "scalar": None,
+    "text": text,
+    "any": object,
+    "enum": str,
+    "none": None
+}
+
+
+sequence_aliases = ["sequence", "seq"]
+mapping_aliases = ["map", "mapping"]
+
+
+def type_class(type):
+    return _types[type]
+
+
+def is_builtin_type(type):
+    return type in _types
+
+
+def is_collection_type(type):
+    return type.lower().strip() == "map" or type.lower().strip() == "seq"
+
+
+def is_scalar_type(type):
+    return not is_collection_type(type)
+
+
+def is_collection(obj):
+    return isinstance(obj, dict) or isinstance(obj, list)
+
+
+def is_scalar(obj):
+    return not is_collection(obj) and obj is not None
+
+
+def is_correct_type(obj, type):
+    return isinstance(obj, type)
+
+
+def is_string(obj):
+    return isinstance(obj, basestring) or isinstance(obj, bytes)
+
+
+def is_int(obj):
+    """
+    True & False is not considered valid integers even if python considers them 1 & 0 in some versions
+    """
+    return isinstance(obj, int) and not isinstance(obj, bool)
+
+
+def is_bool(obj):
+    return isinstance(obj, bool)
+
+
+def is_float(obj):
+    """
+    Valid types are:
+     - objects of float type
+     - Strings that can be converted to float. For example '1e-06'
+    """
+    is_f = isinstance(obj, float)
+    if not is_f:
+        try:
+            float(obj)
+            is_f = True
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            is_f = False
+    return is_f and not is_bool(obj)
+
+
+def is_number(obj):
+    return is_int(obj) or is_float(obj)
+
+
+def is_text(obj):
+    return (is_string(obj) or is_number(obj)) and is_bool(obj) is False
+
+
+def is_any(obj):
+    return True
+
+
+def is_enum(obj):
+    return isinstance(obj, basestring)
+
+
+def is_none(obj):
+    return obj is None
+
+
+def is_sequence_alias(alias):
+    return alias in sequence_aliases
+
+
+def is_mapping_alias(alias):
+    return alias in mapping_aliases
+
+
+def is_timestamp(obj):
+    """
+    Yaml either have automatically converted it to a datetime object
+    or it is a string that will be validated later.
+    """
+    return isinstance(obj, datetime.datetime) or is_string(obj) or is_int(obj) or is_float(obj)
+
+
+def is_date(obj):
+    """
+    :param obj: Object that is to be validated
+    :return: True/False if obj is valid date object
+    """
+    return isinstance(obj, basestring) or isinstance(obj, datetime.date)
+
+
+tt = {
+    "str": is_string,
+    "int": is_int,
+    "bool": is_bool,
+    "float": is_float,
+    "number": is_number,
+    "text": is_text,
+    "any": is_any,
+    "enum": is_enum,
+    "none": is_none,
+    "timestamp": is_timestamp,
+    "scalar": is_scalar,
+    "date": is_date,
+}