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<chapter id="ScoregensTop">
<title>Score Statements and GEN Routines</title>
<section id="ScoreStatementsRef">
<title>Score Statements</title>
<para>
The statements used in scores are:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="a"><citetitle>a</citetitle></link> - Advance score time by a specified amount
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="b"><citetitle>b</citetitle></link> - Resets the clock
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="e"><citetitle>e</citetitle></link> - Marks the end of the last section of the score
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="f"><citetitle>f</citetitle></link> - Causes a <link linkend="ScoreGenRef"><citetitle>GEN subroutine</citetitle></link> to place values in a stored function table
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="i"><citetitle>i</citetitle></link> - Makes an instrument active at a specific time and for a certain duration
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="m"><citetitle>m</citetitle></link> - Sets a named mark in the score
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="n"><citetitle>n</citetitle></link> - Repeats a marked section
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="q"><citetitle>q</citetitle></link> - Used to quiet an instrument
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="r"><citetitle>r</citetitle></link> - Starts a repeated section
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="s"><citetitle>s</citetitle></link> - Marks the end of a section
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="t"><citetitle>t</citetitle></link> - Sets the tempo
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="v"><citetitle>v</citetitle></link> - Provides for locally variable time warping of score events
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="x"><citetitle>x</citetitle></link> - Skip the rest of the current section
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="leftbrace"><citetitle>{</citetitle></link> - Begins a non-sectional, nestable loop
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>
<link linkend="rightbrace"><citetitle>}</citetitle></link> - Ends a non-sectional, nestable loop
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</section>
&scoregensa;
&scoregensb;
&scoregense;
&scoregensf;
&scoregensi;
&scoregensm;
&scoregensn;
&scoregensq;
&scoregensr;
&scoregenss;
&scoregenst;
&scoregensv;
&scoregensx;
&scoregensleftbrace;
&scoregensrightbrace;
<section id="ScoreGenRef">
<title>GEN Routines</title>
<para>GEN routines are used as data generators for function tables. When a function table is created using the <link linkend="f"><citetitle>f score statement</citetitle></link> the GEN function is given as its fourth argument. A negative GEN number implies that the function is not rescaled, and maintains its original values.</para>
<bridgehead>Sine/Cosine Generators: </bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN09"><citetitle>GEN09</citetitle></link> - Composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN10"><citetitle>GEN10</citetitle></link> - Composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN11"><citetitle>GEN11</citetitle></link> - Additive set of cosine partials.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN19"><citetitle>GEN19</citetitle></link> - Composite waveforms made up of weighted sums of simple sinusoids.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN30"><citetitle>GEN30</citetitle></link> - Generates harmonic partials by analyzing an existing table.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN33"><citetitle>GEN33</citetitle></link> - Generate composite waveforms by mixing simple sinusoids.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN34"><citetitle>GEN34</citetitle></link> - Generate composite waveforms by mixing simple sinusoids.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Line/Exponential Segment Generators:
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN05"><citetitle>GEN05</citetitle></link> - Constructs functions from segments of exponential curves.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN06"><citetitle>GEN06</citetitle></link> - Generates a function comprised of segments of cubic polynomials.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN07"><citetitle>GEN07</citetitle></link> - Constructs functions from segments of straight lines.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN08"><citetitle>GEN08</citetitle></link> - Generate a piecewise cubic spline curve.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN16"><citetitle>GEN16</citetitle></link> - Creates a table from a starting value to an ending value.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN25"><citetitle>GEN25</citetitle></link> - Construct functions from segments of exponential curves in breakpoint fashion.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN27"><citetitle>GEN27</citetitle></link> - Construct functions from segments of straight lines in breakpoint fashion.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
File Access GEN Routines:
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN01"><citetitle>GEN01</citetitle></link> - Transfers data from a soundfile into a function table.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN23"><citetitle>GEN23</citetitle></link> - Reads numeric values from a text file.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN28"><citetitle>GEN28</citetitle></link> - Reads a text file which contains a time-tagged trajectory.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN49"><citetitle>GEN49</citetitle></link>
- Transfers data from an MP3 soundfile into a function table.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Numeric Value Access GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN02"><citetitle>GEN02</citetitle></link> - Transfers data from immediate pfields into a function table.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN17"><citetitle>GEN17</citetitle></link> - Creates a step function from given x-y pairs.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN52"><citetitle>GEN52</citetitle></link> - Creates an interleaved multichannel table from the specified source tables, in the format expected by the <emphasis>ftconv</emphasis> opcode.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Window Function GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN20"><citetitle>GEN20</citetitle></link> - Generates functions of different windows.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Random Function GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN21"><citetitle>GEN21</citetitle></link> - Generates tables of different random distributions.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN40"><citetitle>GEN40</citetitle></link> - Generates a random distribution using a distribution histogram.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN41"><citetitle>GEN41</citetitle></link> - Generates a random list of numerical pairs.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN42"><citetitle>GEN42</citetitle></link> - Generates a random distribution of discrete ranges of values.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN43"><citetitle>GEN43</citetitle></link> - Loads a PVOCEX file containing a PV analysis.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Waveshaping GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN03"><citetitle>GEN03</citetitle></link> - Generates a stored function table by evaluating a polynomial.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN13"><citetitle>GEN13</citetitle></link> - Stores a polynomial whose coefficients derive from the Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN14"><citetitle>GEN14</citetitle></link> - Stores a polynomial whose coefficients derive from Chebyshevs of the second kind.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN15"><citetitle>GEN15</citetitle></link> - Creates two tables of stored polynomial functions.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Amplitude Scaling GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN04"><citetitle>GEN04</citetitle></link> - Generates a normalizing function.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN12"><citetitle>GEN12</citetitle></link> - Generates the log of a modified Bessel function of the second kind.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN24"><citetitle>GEN24</citetitle></link> - Reads numeric values from another allocated function-table and rescales them.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Mixing GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN18"><citetitle>GEN18</citetitle></link> - Writes composite waveforms made up of pre-existing waveforms.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN31"><citetitle>GEN31</citetitle></link> - Mixes any waveform specified in an existing table.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN32"><citetitle>GEN32</citetitle></link> - Mixes any waveform, resampled with either FFT or linear interpolation.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Pitch and Tuning GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GEN51"><citetitle>GEN51</citetitle></link> - fills a table with a fully customized micro-tuning scale, in the manner of Csound opcodes <emphasis>cpstun</emphasis>, <emphasis>cpstuni</emphasis> and <emphasis>cpstmid</emphasis>.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<bridgehead>
Named GEN Routines
</bridgehead>
<para>Csound's GEN routines can be extended with GEN function plugins. There is currently a simple GEN plugin that provides exponential and hyperbolic tangent functions, and the sone function. There is also a generator called farey for the Farey sequence operations. These GEN functions are not called by number, but by name.</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GENtanh"><citetitle>"tanh"</citetitle></link> - fills a table from a hyperbolic tangent formula.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GENexp"><citetitle>"exp"</citetitle></link> - fills a table from an exponential formula.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GENsone"><citetitle>"sone"</citetitle></link> - fills a table from a sone function formula.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GENfarey"><citetitle>"farey"</citetitle></link> - fills a table from a Farey sequence.</simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="GENwave"><citetitle>"wave"</citetitle></link>
- fills a table from a wavelet transform.</simpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
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&scoregenstanh;
&scoregensexp;
&scoregenssone;
&scoregensfarey;
&scoregenswave;
</chapter>
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