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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2"><meta name="keywords" content="Bible, Study, HowTo"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="Tutoriel d'�tude biblique"><link rel="prev" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html" title="Application pratique : Comment utiliser un index"><link rel="next" href="h2-rules-context.html" title="R�gle 2 - interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><th width="60%" align="center">�</th><td width="20%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" title="Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="h2-rules"></a>Chapitre�3.�R�gles de l'interpr�tation biblique (herm�neutique)</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table des mati�res</b></p><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact">R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a">Exemple 1A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules.html#h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b">Exemple 1B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html">R�gle 2 - interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2a">Exemple 2A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2b">Exemple 2B</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-context.html#h2-rules-context-ex2c">Exemple 2C</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html">R�gle 3 - interpr�ter selon le contexte historique et culturel</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3a">Exemple 3A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-hcontest.html#h2-rules-hcontest-ex3b">Exemple 3B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html">R�gle 4 - Interpr�ter selon l'usage usuel des mots</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4a">Exemple 4A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-normal.html#h2-rules-normal-ex4b">Exemple 4B</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html">R�gle 5 - Comprendre l'objectif des paraboles et la diff�rence entre une
parabole et une all�gorie</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5a">Exemple 5A</a></span></dt><dt><span class="section"><a href="h2-rules-parables.html#h2-rules-parables-ex5b">Exemple 5B</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>We already learned about the "3 Cs": content, context, cross-reference. We
want to expand that now by delving briefly into biblical hermeneutics, whose
goal is to discover the meaning intended by the original author (and
Author!). While many applications of a passage are valid, only one
interpretation is valid. The scripture itself says this by saying that no
scripture is of any private interpretation (2 Pe.1:20 KJV <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">Knowing
this first, that no prophesy of scripture is of any private
interpretation.</span>��</span>). Certain rules are helps toward discovering the
correct meaning; by ignoring these rules people have brought much trouble on
themselves and their followers. 2 Pe.3:16 <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">...in which are some
things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they
do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.</span>��</span></p><p>How do we go about discovering the intended meaning of a passage? Let's say
your attention has been drawn to a particular verse whose meaning is not
clear to you. How do you study it out? Keep these rules in mind:</p><div class="section" title="R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots."><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="h2-rules-exact"></a>R�gle 1 - Interpr�ter selon le sens exact des mots.</h2></div></div></div><p>The more precise we can be with the exact, original meaning of the words the
better our interpretation will be. Try to find the exact meaning of the key
words by following these steps:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p title="D�finition"><b>D�finition.�</b>Look up the definition in a Greek or Hebrew dictionary. For verbs, the verb
tense is also crucial.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p title="R�f�rences crois�es"><b>R�f�rences crois�es.�</b>Compare scripture with scripture. Seeing how the same Greek or Hebrew word
(not the English word) is used in scripture may clarify or throw new light
on the definition. How does the same author use this word elsewhere? Other
authors? Your reference tools may give you uses of the word in non-biblical
documents, as well. Why do we have to go to the original languages; why
isn't the English word good enough? <span class="emphasis"><em>Because more than one greek
word may be translated into the same english word, and the greek words may
have different shades of meaning.</em></span></p></li></ol></div><div class="section" title="Exemple 1A"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1a"></a>Exemple 1A</h3></div></div></div><p>Jn.20:17 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Touch me not"</em></span> (KJV) sounds harsh, doesn't it?
Sounds like Jesus doesn't want to be touched now that He is risen, that He
is too holy or something. But that doesn't seem right, so let's look it up
in Spiros Zodhiates' <span class="emphasis"><em>The Complete Word Study New
Testament</em></span> (AMG Publishers, 1991).</p><p>Definition: Turning to John 20:17, above the word "Touch" we see "pim680."
The letters give us a code for the part of speech, and the number refers to
Strong's dictionary reference. Let's look up the definition (p. 879).
"680. Haptomai; from hapto (681), touch. Refers to such handling of an
object as to exert a modifying influence upon it... Distinguished from
pselaphao (5584), which actually only means to touch the surface of
something. " Now look up "pim." The grammar codes in Zodhiates come right
after Revelation; on p. 849 we see that pim stands for "present imperative
active (80)". On p.857, "Present Imperative. In the active voice, it may
indicate a command to do something in the future which involves continuous
or repeated action or, when it is negated, a command to stop doing
something. " This is a negative command, so it is to stop doing something
that is already occuring. So, what have we found?</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Mary is already clinging to Jesus, and he is saying to stop holding him!</em></span></p></div><div class="section" title="Exemple 1B"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="h2-rules-exact-crossref-ex1b"></a>Exemple 1B</h3></div></div></div><p>In James 5:14, <span class="emphasis"><em>Elders are told to pray and anoint someone who is
sick</em></span>. What is this anointing?</p><p>Definition of aleipho (218) - "to oil" (Strong's); but we also have another
Greek word translated "anoint", chrio (5548) - "to smear or rub with oil,
i.e. to consecrate to an office or religious service" (Strong's). Since
it's a verb, consider the tense also, "apta" aorist participle active. "The
aorist participle expresses simple action, as opposed to continuous
action...When its relaitonship to the main verb is temporal, it usually
signifies action prior to that of the main verb." (Zodhiates p.851)</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc"><li class="listitem"><p>R�f�rences crois�es d'alelpho :
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Mt.6:17 Mais quand tu je�nes, parfume ta t�te</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.16:1 [les femmes] achet�rent des aromates, afin d'aller embaumer [KJV :
"oindre"] J�sus.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Mk.6:13 (...) ils oignaient d'huile beaucoup de malades et les gu�rissaient.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.7:38 [...] les [ses pieds] baisa, et les oignit de parfum. </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Jn.12:3 Marie, (...) oignit les pieds de J�sus, et elle lui essuya les pieds
avec ses cheveux</p></li></ol></div></li><li class="listitem"><p>R�f�rences crois�es de chrio
</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>Lk.4:18 <span class="quote">��<span class="quote">L'Esprit du Seigneur est sur moi, Parce qu'il m'a oint pour
annoncer [...]</span>��</span></p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 4:27 J�sus, que tu as oint</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>Acts 10:38 Dieu a oint du Saint-Esprit et de force J�sus de Nazareth</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>2 Cor.1:21 Et celui...qui nous a oints, c'est Dieu</p></li></ol></div></li></ul></div><p>Quelle est alors la diff�rence entre aleipho et chrio ? En retournant aux
r�f�rences crois�es et aux d�finitions et en faisant la synth�se des
diff�rences : ALEIPHO D�SIGNE L'USAGE PRATIQUE DE L'HUILE ET CHRIO L'USAGE
SPIRITUEL</p><p>As an illustration (although the word is not used) of the practical use of
oil at that time, when the good Samaritan cared for the man beat up by
robbers he poured oil and wine in the wound. So oil had a medicinal use in
Jesus' day.
</p><p>Maintenant, mettons en pratique ce que l'on vient juste d'apprendre �
Jacques 5:14 <span class="emphasis"><em>"Quelqu'un parmi vous est-il malade? Qu'il appelle
les anciens de l'�glise, et que les anciens prient pour lui, en l'oignant
d'huile au nom du Seigneur."</em></span> "oindre" d�signe un acte pratique ou
spirituel ? Pratique !</p><p>
And the tense in Greek, the aorist participle, would be better translated
"having anointed," so the order is the anointing first, then the prayer ("in
the name of the Lord"refers to the prayer, not the anointing). James 5 is
saying that the elders should give the sick person medicine and pray for him
in the name of the Lord. Doesn't that express a beautiful balance of
practical and spiritual in our God!
</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="h2-basics-worksheet.html">Pr�c�dent</a>�</td><td width="20%" align="center">�</td><td width="40%" align="right">�<a accesskey="n" href="h2-rules-context.html">Suivant</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Application pratique : Comment utiliser un index�</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Sommaire</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">�R�gle 2 - interpr�ter selon le contexte biblique</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
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